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Influence Of Topography On Soil Profile Characteristics And Fertility In Some Parts Of Akwa Ibom State
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In the course of survey, attention is paid not only to the soils
physical and chemical properties alone but also to other factors which
brought about these properties. These factors climate, parent materials,
organisms, topography and time-play key roles in determining the soils
physical and chemical characteristics. These characteristics influences
the soils rate of nutrients adsorption and loss and the soils rate of
water retention and loss. These factors in turn determine the
agriculture worth of the soil and the need to protect them from
destruction or abusive uses or recommend them for other forms of land
uses.
Among the soil forming factors, topography stands out as one of
the most important not only in the soil forming process but also (the
outline of the earth’s surface)is determining soil management practices
that should be used to improve the fertility of a given soil to sustain
its productive capability.
Topography determines the temperature and
rainfall regimes of a given area. (The basic constituents of climate),
which in turn influences the soil formation and characteristics.
Topography influences the type of soil formed on hill tops, on slopes
and on valleys. Its ability to influences these and more necessities its
study, inorder to be able to design suitable management practices to
suit different locations and increase food production.
In Ibiono Ibom
Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, with a relatively hilly
topography information on soil-topography relationship and the general
fertility states and the area is very scared.
Objectives
This study was therefore carried out with the following objectives:
to determine the influence of topography on soil profile characteristics, and
to assess if there is any relationship between different topographic positions and soil fertility variation in the study area.
Justification
The
importance of this study is that information obtained in the course of
the study will enrich our understanding of the soil characteristics and
types is relation to topographic or geomorphic features in Mbiakpan Atan
in particular and Akwa Ibom at large. This will go a long way in
encouraging the continuous use of the soil management practise which is
currently in use or help us discover the best management alternative for
each soil type with a view to increasing food production.
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