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Analysis Of Food Security And Poverty Status Among Households In Ehime Mbano
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Food security is a concept that has
evolved during the 1990s far beyond a traditional focus on the supply of
food at the national level. This concept has been given general
definitions in time past but in recent times, there has been a
divergence of ideas on what food security really means. food security
is defined as access by all people at all times to enough food for an
active and healthy life. The committee on world food security defined it
as physical and economic access to adequate food by all household
members without undue risk of losing the access. However, the definition
adopted by the countries attending the world food summit of 1996, and
reconfirmed in 2002, accepts the USAID’S concept which has three key
elements viz; food availability, food access and food utilization.
However, a fourth concept is increasingly becoming accepted namely, “the
risks that can disrupt anyone of the first three factors†There are
therefore four major elements of food security. They are food
availability, food access, food utilization and not loosing such access.
Availability, access and utilization are hierarchical in nature. Food
availability is necessary but not sufficient for food accessibility and
access is necessary but not sufficient for utilization. In a larger
sense, two broad groups of factors determine food security. These are
supply side factors and demand side factors. The supply-side factors are
those that determine food supply or food availability. In other words,
they are determinants of physical access to food at national, household
and intra-household levels. The demand side factors on the other hand
are factors that determine the degree of access of countries, households
and individuals to available food. They are, in other words,
determinants of economic access to food or determinants of entitlement
to available food.
Food insecurity or lack of access to nutritionally adequate diet in a
household or country can take various forms. For example, chronic food
insecurity exists when food supplies are persistently insufficient to
supply adequate nutrient for all individuals. Transitory food insecurity
occurs when there is a temporary decline in access to adequate food
because of instability in food production, food price increases or
income shortfalls.
We may distinguish between national food security
and household food security. This distinction is necessary because an
aggregate supply of food, from domestic sources or import or both, are
prerequisite but certainly not a sufficient condition for a food secure
situation in a country. In other words, adequate availability of food in
Nigeria on a per capita basis does not necessarily translate to
sufficient and adequate food for every citizen. Food security at
household level is a subset of the national level and it requires that
all individuals and households have access to sufficient food either by
producing it themselves or by generatingsufficient income to demand for
it. The research intends to profer an analysis of food security and
poverty status among holds in Ehime Mbano.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]The research proffers an analysis of food security and poverty status among households in Ehime Mbano.It elucidates the nature of food security and poverty status, portrays the challenges of food security and poverty, and provides measures to enhance food security and alleviate poverty. ... Continue reading---
