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The Effect Of Reinforced Concrete On Safety Of Residential Buildings In Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 4]
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SCOPE AND LIMITATION
On the
process to ensure that a structure is safe and of the standard required,
this project have been designed accordingly based on the rules
stipulated in limit state design as provided by the code of practice
BS 8110. Therefore, some instances are referenced to other codes of
practice.
In this project, the total members of beams which were analyzed representing typical cases of the whole structure and designed.
Three footing wear design together with stairs and its value were provided in details drawing and theory.
Artificial
engineering materials made form a mixture of Portland cement, water,
fine and coarse aggregate and small amount of air. It is the most widely
used construction materials in the world and must be properly treated.
Concrete
is the only major building material that can be delivered to the site
and care must be taken to avoid fake materials. The unique quality of
concrete makes concrete desirable as a building material can be molded
virtually to any forms of shape. Concrete provide a wide latitude in the
surface texture and colours and can be used to construct a wide variety
of structures such as highway and streets, bridges, large buildings,
airports runways, irrigation structures, breakwater, pier and docks,
sidewalks silos and farm building, homes and even barges and ships.
The
two major component of concrete are cement paste and inert materials.
Under normal conditions, concrete grows stronger as it grow older. The
chemical reactions between cement and water that cause the paste to
harden and bind the aggregates together requires time. Therefore proper
materials have to be chosen at the time of construction in order to
achieve a stable structure.
LIMIT STATE DESIGN BS 8110
BS 8110 is a British standard for the design and construction of reinforced and pre - stressed concrete structure.
This
theory came into existence as a result of the discrepancies between the
behaviour of materials by elastic analysis and that which occur in
practice.
Although BS 8110 is used for most civil engineering and
building structures, bridges and water-retaining structures, this are
covered by separate standards of (BS 5400 and BS 8007).
Limit sate
design requires the structure to satisfies two principal criteria, that
is the Ultimate Limit State (ULS) and the serviceability Limit State
(SLS). A limit state is a set of performance criteria (eg. vibration
level, deflection, strength, stability, buckling, twisting, collapse)
that must be met when the structure is subjected to loads. This later
leads to checks for the protection for instance deflection and cracks
checks.
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 4]
Page 4 of 4
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