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Effect Of Auditing And Prevention Of Fraud In An Organization
[A CASE STUDY OF COCA-COLA BOTTLING COMPANY, ILORIN]
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Background of the study the word auditing comes from a Latin Word ‘’AUDIRE’’ ‘’TO HEAR’’, This is so because in those days the account of nobleman was checked by being read out to him by his steward. The steward has the responsibility of looking after the affairs at the estate during the absence of the noblemen.
However, today auditing involves the checking at the account of an enterprise by a suitably qualified auditor in order to enables the auditor to form an opinion in the truth and fairness.
Fraud it is an act of criminal deception formed by many people in an establishment or within two people. These examples range from the public office holders who wish to embezzle public fund, a passenger who board a bus and refuses to pay and a contractor who criminally inflate the cost of executing the contract work.
It is also the international misrepresentations of financial information by one or more individuals among management, employees, or third parties. It involved the use of criminal deception to obtain an unjust or illegal financial advantage. The impact of fraud can be quote subsentire on a company’s operation. Therefore internal controls must be excellent.
The origin of an audit dates from ancient times when the land owners allowed tenant farmers to work on their land while the landowners themselves did not become involved in the business of farming. The land owners relied upon on overseer who listened to the account of the stewardship given by the tenants.
In those days, the receipt and payment of an establishment were read to the hearing of an individual termed as the AUDITOR. The word ‘’Auditor’’ was derived from the Latin verb ‘’AUDIRE’’ which means ‘’to hear’’ therefore, the individual to whom the receipts and payment of an organization were read to was called the auditor. In the early days of auditing, the prime qualification for the position of auditor was reputation. A man known for his integrity and independence of mind would be sought for his honored position, the matter of technical ability being entirely secondary, and consequently, his function, in those days, was never confused with that of accountant.
However, as accounting gradually becomes more complex and concerned with technicalities, auditors found themselves out of their depth and in turn, become increasingly dependent upon the expertise prouded by the accountant until eventually , the Audit function itself become totally dominated by the accountancy professional. It is for this reason that the description auditing profession and accountancy profession are today used synonymously until the advent of limited liabilities companies where ownership is deferent from the management.
Kola Olowookere ‘’fundamentals of auditing “recent edition’’ (2007).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Auditing which are the independent critical examination of and the expression of opinion on, the financial statement and underlying records of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of the audit objectives and in compliance with his appointment.
A good internal audit function in an organization is a sign of existence of good internal control system. And auditing has to be carried out in away to avoid both management and shareholders conflict. Through the secondary objectives of auditing are to prevent errors and fraud, it is the responsibilities of the management to safeguard the company’s asset.
However, attempts have been made in this project to examine critically the followings:
• How the goal of asset safeguarding will be achieved.
• Means of achieving adequate internal control.
• To know what the impact of the internal audit function will be to the success of the organization.
• How the audit strategy will be determined.
• How the records of accounts, and internal control system are documented.
• How the control will be evaluated to know if it can be relied upon to prevent or detect irregularities that may arise.
• The relevance of audit committee in achieving effectiveness.
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