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Effluent Impact On Water Quality
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Effluent impact on water quality is a point of great
concern. This is because, it has been observed that the quality of water
people use has a great effect on their health. If proper care is not
taken to ascertain the characteristics or composition of the discharged
effluent, then environment is exposed to numerous hazards.
One may
ask what an effluent really is. An effluent is defined as an industrial
liquid waste. It is characterized by the components used in such
industries. This implies that the composition or characteristics of
effluent varies from industry to industry.
Impact at the other hand
is defined as an effect felt as a result of an action taken or a process
carried out. It becomes pertinent to carryout Environmental Impact
Assessment of possible action to be taken or projects to be carried out.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is defined as a management tool
used to assess and evaluate any potential change in the environment
(including air, water, land, natural resources, fauna flora, humans and
their interaction) whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partial,
that results from an organisations activities, products or services
(Ofunne, 2002).
We are really concerned with the effect the discharge
of liquid industrial waste (effluent), from Unilever plc and Nigeria
Breweries Limited; have on the quality of water obtainable at the river
where they are discharged. This impact that is our point of concern is
dependent of the various compositions of the effluent and its degree.
Wastewater
ought to be collected or a sewer system and transported to plant for
treatment prior to disposal (Mark and Mark, 2008). Dilution into a
surface water course and purification by nature yield additional quality
improvement. The feat of this effluent discharge is that of collecting
the water before complete rejuvenation for municipal.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
hazardous effect of the effluent flows from Unilever Plc and Nigeria
Breweries Limited to Aba River is our point of concern. This becomes a
problem because the waste ought to be channelled to a sewer treatment
plant before being discharged finally into the river. This is to help
reduce the intensity of the wastewater.
It is therefore pertinent to
ascertain the composition of these effluents and relating it with the
effect the have on the river quality. This is so because if it not
ascertained the environment is exposed to a lot of risk.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This project work was aimed at determining the effect of effluent on Aba River. This became pertinent owing to the fact that companies discharge their effluent into the river without treatment. Four different samples were collected from four locations and analyzed, which include Upstream Sample (A), Unilever Effluent (B), Nigeria Breweries Effluent (C), and Down Stream Sample (D).The results obtained indicated that there is industrial input of metals like Iron, Copper, Zinc, Calcium and non meta ... Continue reading---
