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Extraction And Formulation Of Perfume From Plant
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1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There is a high demand of essential oils for various purposes such as
medicinal, perfumery, soap making, insecticides to mention but a few
have opened up wide opportunities for global warming.
Imported
essential oils are very expensive to meet the demand of our local
consumer industries, therefore it becomes necessary to source and
extract these oils from local source. In particular perfumes that are
usually imported can be produced locally from a vast variety of oil
bearing plants yet to be explored. It has also been observed that high
concentration of perfumes in the epidermal tissues can cause skin
irritation or peeling due to poor formulation. This problem will be
explored on this project. Solvent extraction is the safest method for
extracting high quality oil because some herbs and spices cannot be
extracted from enfleurage method but it has the disadvantage of having
residual solvents in the essential oils. The research is conducted in
order to use hydrodistillation as one of the applicable methods to
extract essential oils. Hydrodistillation has the advantage of no
solvent residues as an alternative to conventional extraction
techniques. This research will reveal the difference in yields by the
methods.
1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
It is hoped that from
this research work, optimum extraction parameters like solvent type,
solvent ratio, contact time and particle size and the quality of perfume
would be established. The result obtained would add to the data bank
that could help potential industrialist who intends to go into perfume
production from plants. Consequently, more processing industries would
lead to a higher production both for domestic consumption and export.
Major consumers of essential oils are the perfumery, cosmetics, food and
beverages and pharmaceutical industries.
Most of these industries in
Nigeria depend on imported essential oils for their production and this
makes their products very expensive. Interestling, some of these source
of essential oils are common in Nigeria such as lemon grass, ginger,
flowers, eucalyptus to mention but a few. There is a high potential in
this area and it becomes necessary to seek means to explore and exploit
area with the aim of providing our local industries with these essential
oils. There are great biodiversity in the ecosystem when it is tapped
into the economy of Nigeria will be improved upon. It can also create
numerous job opportunities for the youth as both industries and farmers
will be employers of labour.
1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH The main
objective of this research is to extract essential oil from lemon grass
(cymbopogon citrasus) using solvent extraction, enfleurage, and
hydrodistillation and formulating the perfume.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE
RESEARCH I. Investigate the effect of solvent nature on extraction in
terms of yield and formulation of the extracted essential oil. Three
methods will be used; solvent extraction, enfleurage and
hydrodistillation. Attempt will be made to formulate the essential oil
into perfume. Ii To Formulate perfume using appropriate materials Iii
The composition of perfume and its concentration.
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