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Comparative Analysis Of Coal, Fuel Oil And Natural Gas For Cement Production
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Energy is commonly defined as the ability to do work or to produce heat.
Normally heat could be derived by burning a fuel (i.e. a substance that contains internal energy which upon burning generates heat). (IEA, 2004).
The energy system today is highly dependent on fossil fuel with coal, fuel oil and natural gas accounting for about 80% of world primary energy demand. (Kul, 2001).
Fuels are the major source of energy for industries and cement industry is not an exception. However, the energy source to be adopted will have to meet the varying needs of different countries and at the same time enhance the security of each against the energy crisis that have taken place in the past. The selection/ choice of fuel type depend on various factors such as environmental pollution, ease in processing, storage and handling, availability and cost of the fuel.
Coal, fuel oil and natural gas are the most commonly used energy carrier in cement industries. The energy use for cement production is distributed as follows:-
ï‚· 92.7% for pyro-processing
ï‚· 5.4% for finishing grinding and
ï‚· 1.9% for raw grinding (Choate, 2003).
The choice of fuel use entails the level at which green house gases (GHG) are emitted, the cost of cement and the quality of the cement produced.
This research work will help in selecting the best fuel and techniques to be use in order to attain a high quality product at a lower cost with lesser green house gas emission to the environment.
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 2]
Page 1 of 2
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study is a comparative analysis of the use of coal, fuel oil and natural gas for cement production noting their physical and chemical properties, cost and availability, impact on the environment and human health. Out of the seven cement manufacturing industries in Nigeria, three industries use these fuels were selected for the study. The industries are NigerCem –Ebonyi state, Dangote cement –Benue state and UniCem -Cross river state. Questionnaires were used to gather informat ... Continue reading---
