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Modeling Of Gas Pollution From Ilorin Animal Waste Dumpsite
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2.5 POLLUTION FROM ANIMAL WASTE HARMS PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT
The concentration of livestock in factory farms leads to a buildup of
animal waste in the area where these livestock operations reside. The
enormous volumes of waste cannot be assimilated by natural processes,
and therefore requires special treatment. In the majority of cases, the
systems used to treat animal waste are in adequate. Waste is pumped into
open air pit called “lagoonsâ€, and from there, liquid manure is sprayed
onto fields. The amount of waste applied often exceeds what the crops
can take up, leaving the rest to escape into the air or runoff into
surface water. Such outdated and improper treatment of animal waste can
lead to serious pollution problems
Improper collection and
disposal of untreated animal waste can harm groundwater and human
health. Nutrients and bacteria from animal waste can cause fish kills
and ham shellfish in contaminated streams, creeks, and offensive odors
and other air pollutants are also emitted often making life for farm
neighbors intolerable. Finally, because antibiotics are routinely used
on factory farms (to compensate for unsanitary growing conditions and to
promote growing conditions and to promote slightly faster livestock
growth). They promote development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria
that are present in animal waste.
2.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES SHOULD BE IMPROVED
The
environmental protection agency and the U.S Department of Agriculture
have attempted to develop a national strategy for controlling factory
farm pollution.
Unfortunately, this policy falls far short of
addressing environmental and public health threats. Most notably, EPAS
draft strategy would not require many factory farms to implement better
pollution control until the year 2005. The EPA has also come to an
agreement with National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) on a voluntary
compliance programs to reduce the environment threats to waterways posed
by animals waste, stronger environment standard for factory farm are
required.
2.7 DATA SOURCES AND LIMITS
Scorecard combines livestock population data from the U.S.
Department
of Agriculture with waste factors developed by the agriculture
community to estimate the amount of animal waste that livestock
operations produce. Due to limitation in available data, scorecard
cannot describe the waste management methods of specific livestock
operations or evaluate the level of health or ecological risk that
animal waste may pose in an area.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTAtmospheric emission of trace gases such as carbon (iv) oxide (co4), carbon (II) oxide (co), methane (ch4) e.t.c. associated with animal waste are world wild problem and may contribute to a detrimental impact on the environment in such a way that millions of people will be affected especially poor people who live in precarious location or depend on land for sustenance living. And this effect was determined by modeling the effect of trace gases on the environment. The two (2) main approac ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLESTable 1: Data Obtained for day 1 Table 2: Data Obtained for day 2 Table 3: Data Obtained for day 3 Table 4: Data Obtained for day 4 Table 5: Data Obtained for day 5 Table 6: Compress Field Value Results In ppm Table 7: Compress field value results in ton ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle Page Certification Dedication Acknowledgement Table of contents CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction 1.1 ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.0 INTRODUCTIONAtmospheric emission of methane (CH4) associated with animal waste are worldwide problem and may contribute to a detrimental impact on the environment.CH4 are important green house gases that are produced anthropogenic ally but mainly by plant, animal waste and from natural geothermal source. Other green house gases include CO2, NH3. ‘Greenhouse’ gases are gases that have a molecular structure such that they obstruct the radiation of he ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER THREEMETHODOLOGY3.0 METHODOLOGY3.1 DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREAIlorin is the capital city of kwara state in western Nigeria As of 2007 it had a population of 847,582, making it the 13th largest city in Nigeria by population. Wikipedia Weather 32c, wind W at 10 km/h 61% Humidity Population: 532, 089 (1991) Undata 3.2 METHOD OF STUDYThe two (2) main approaches to this study was fieldwork and software application. 3.2.1 FIELD METHODThe fieldwork was carried out on ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]CHAPTER FOUR Result and discussion4.1 DATA OBTAINED FROM THE FIELDTable 1: Data obtained for Day 1 ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION5.1 Conclusion Integrated waste management (IWM) tools model the trace gas pollution from Ipata in Ilorin animal waste dump site. The study concludes that carbon IV oxide (CO2) among the three trace gases that was model is of higher concentration in that environment. The study also shows that carbon ii oxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emission rate from the animal waste dump site is not of threat to the global warming.5.2 Recomm ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESMessenger. J.J, and W.E jokily. 2000. Ammonia losses from manure. In proceeding 62nd Cornell Nutrition Conference for feed Manufacturers, 109-116. Ithaca, N.Y.Mills, M.J; Langford, A.O; O’Leary, T.J; Arpad, K.; Miller, H.L; profit M.H; sanders, R.W; Solomon, S. (1993). ‘’On the relationship between stratospheric aerosols and nitrogen dioxide’’ (pdf). Geophysical Research Letters 20 (12): 1187-1190. NRC. 2003 Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operatio ... Continue reading---
