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Pollution Problems And An Engineering Approach To The Management And Control Of Industrial Effluents
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CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Water
is life and the quality and adequacy of water is an essential measure
of the quality of life or rather the existence of life. Consequently
water quality management is (or should be) one of the most important
activities of mankind, so as to protect and save human life. The
management of water quality, or the protection of the aquatic ecosystem
in a broader sense, means the control of pollution. Water pollution
originates from point and non-point (diffuse) sources and is mostly
anthropogenic activities.
A crucial aspect in the series of complex
activities of planning and implementing water pollution control actions
is the quantitative determination and description of the relationship
between human activities and the state of the aquatic system. These
activities are essential for the modelling of aquatic systems
(hydrological, hydrodynamics, hydraulic, and water quality modelling)
(Jolankai, 1997).
Planning and management activities require the
assessment of hydraulic and water quality conditions often beyond the
range of observed field data. In this context, both hydraulic and water
quality models need be made that are general enough to (1) describe
observed conditions and (2) predict planning scenarios that may be
substantially different from observed conditions. In stream water
pollution control the main objective is to assess if the system complies
with the maximum pollutant release allowed from point and non-point
source pollution, so that pollutant levels in the receiving streams meet
water quality standards. Water quality models for in - stream water
pollution control have been calibrated and verified with data collected
prior to model development during surveys designed to check basin wide
water quality for regulatory compliance (Radwan et al, 2003).
1.2 Statement of the Problem
A
lot of environmental degradation is generated during the planning,
developmental stage including construction and final occupation of
engineering projects.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study examined the effects of effluent discharges from various point-loads on a purposively selected receiving river, the self-recovery ability of the river and the treatability of both the discharges and the receiving stream in a heavily industrialized community.The work involved field survey of industries producing and discharging effluents in the study area (Ado Odo/ Otta industrial zone of Ogun State, Nigeria); determination of the effluents‘ physico – chemical, biological ... Continue reading---
