An Investigation Into Water Demand And Distribution In Ilorin West Local Government
[EGBEJILA]

3.7    LIMITATIONS OF THE METHODOLOGY
    There is no use of instrument for data collection; therefore questionnaire alone was used for data gathering. The use of flow meter could have made the measurement more reliable but it is unavailable due to the low standard of living of the people.
3.8    ELEMENTS OF A PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY
    A public water supply is made up of six functional elements and they are:
    A source or sources of supply.
   Storage facilities such as surface reservoir and/or overhead tanks.
    Transmission facilities for transporting from the point of storage to the treatment plant.
    Treatment facilities for improving the water quality.
    Transmission and storage facilities for transporting water usage points.
    Distribution facilities for bringing water to individual users.
3.9    FACTORS AFFECTING THE USE OF WATER
    Some of the factors that are responsible for non uniformity in the supply of water are:
3.10    CHARACTERISTIC OF POLULATION
    It is obvious that the consumption of water would be smaller in the towns and cities with smaller population and would be higher in towns with dense population. A smaller community has a smaller per head consumption while a bigger city has higher per head consumption.
    The recommendation per head consumption for rural areas of population less than 5,000 are 60l\p\day while for urban areas of population greater than 20,000 are 150l\p\day. Also water usage is influenced by the economic status of the populace.
3.11    CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
    Warm or hot weather condition leads to increase use of water whereas cold weather results to a lesser rate of water use. Regions subjected to extreme cold climate condition often report significant drafts to prevent freezing of water line. The correlation of the number of days prior to the last rainfall with days of high temperature offers a potential means for forecasting high water demands.
3.12    LIVING STANDARDS
    Low, medium and high-income group consume water at different rate per capital water demand, which is a function of the economic status of the consumer. As the economic status improves, housing situation improves and residences acquire more gadgets e.g. washing machine, air condition and lawn sprinkling or gardening.
    In Nigeria, the following are the recommended water use by world health organization for low, medium and high density areas.
    Low density area            150 l/ c/day
   Medium density area        100 l/ c/day
    High density area        40 l/ c/day
3.13    PROCEDURE FOR PROCESSING AND ANALYZING DATA
    Statistical method was used for the processing and analysis of data collected for easy computation of results.