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The Effect Of Sodium Sulphate Contamination On Engineering Properties Of Lateritic Soil
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CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
From the investigations carried out on this work, the following conclusions are made:
The laterite sample is classified as Sand Gravel soil according to AASHTO classification system and it is a good sub grade and sub-base material for Civil Engineering construction.
The liquid test for unstabilized laterite is 60.31% and for the stabilized of 20% is 50.16,30 % is 46.9% and for 40% is 45.05 and plastic limits test for unstabilized laterite is 36.62% and for the stabilized of20% is 36.50, 30% is 33.99 and for 40% is 24.4 and liqiud indices test for unstabilized laterite is 23.69% and for the stabilized of 20% is 13.66, 30% is 12.91 and for 40% is 34.7 decrease with the addition of the contaminants. This reduction increase with increase in concentration of the contaminant “NaSO4†and meet the requirement of Federal Ministry of works (1975).
The California bearing ratio which is an important index for determining the usage of soil sample for construction also decrease with the ratio of increase of contaminant “NaSO4â€
The maximum dry density decreases and optimum moisture content increase with the increase in concentration of the contaminant “NaSO4â€
All the above show that the presence of NaSO4 in highway foundation materials can make them unsuitable for Civil Engineering construction or can cause pavement failure in existing roads.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
The following recommendations are made:
The various sources of sodium sulphate contaminant in highway should be avoided by providing excellent drainage along highways.
The effect of the contaminant should be extended to base materials, especially if the base is constructed with lateritic soil because the effect on stone base may not be appreciable.
Sodium sulphates contaminants should also be avoiding through proper environmental impact assessment for roads under construction and existing highways.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 3 ] ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONE1.0 INTRODUCTIONSoil is the cheapest and the most widely used material in civil engineering project as foundation material either in its natural or improved form. It is highly heterogeneous and an isotopic in nature and existing with different engineering properties which can be influenced to some extend by the presence of sodium salts under the influences of water (Olawale, 2013). ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]ReactionNacl(s) +H2SO4aq → NaHSO4aq + HCl1 Then, the sodium hydrogen tetraoxosulphate (vi) react with more sodium chloride to form the sodium tetraoxosulphate (vi)NaHSO4aq + NaClaq → Na2SO4aq + HClg (Michigan, 1990)2.4.2 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM (II) TETRAOXOSULPHATE (VI) SALT Sodium sulphate (NaSO4) displays a moderate tendency to form double salts which is the only alum formed with common trivated metal which unstable above 39 (degree)C and NaCrSO4 (Soskatc ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]PROCEDURES• Liquid limit: A sample weighing 200g from the material passing the 300um BS test sieve was taken.• The sample was placed on flat glass plate and mix thoroughly with distilled water using the palette knife unit the mass becomes a thick homogonous paste.• The paste was allowed to stand in air tight container for about 24hours to allow the water permeate throughout the soil mass.• Curing was applied to where applicable and remix for about ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 16 ]CHAPTER FOURRESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION4.1 PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONThe result of the particle size distribution “sieve analysis†of the sample is analyzed and presented in the table and figure below. ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAbabio, O.Y. (1996), New School Chemistry for Senior Secondary School (2nd edition), Longman publisher, Erands, LondonAbraham, J. (1992), “Introduction to Soil Mechanics†(3rd edition), Macmillan INC, New York.Agbede, O. and osunmolale O. (1997), “All AboutSulphate Salt†Retrieved 2009-10-31â€. From www.ifgworld.org. Agbede, O. and Osunolale O. (2003), “Effect of Ph Contamination on Engineering Properties of Lateritic Soilâ€. Final Year Project i ... Continue reading---
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CHAPTER FIVE -- [Total Page(s) 1]
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CHAPTER FIVE -- [Total Page(s) 1]
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