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The Effects Of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash As Suplementary Cementitious Material In Production Of Concrete
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The ash was then taken to the Engineering Development Institute in Akure for the chemical analysis using EDX3600 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer technology to conduct fast and accurate analysis of the bagasse ash composition and other related tests.
3.2.3 Test on Baggash and cement
3.2.3.1 Fineness test
Finess simply implies how fine the particle of cement is to touch. It can be determined by Blair air method, Wagner turbid meter and dry sieve method. Fineness of the bagasse ash and the cement were determined by the Sieve method as per British Standard.
APPARATUS: sieve set, sieve shaker, regulating time, top loading, weighing balance, scrapper, 90m/c sieve size(mesh), pure bristle brush(25 – 40)mm.
Method Employed:
1. 100g of dry Bagasse ash was weighed to the nearest 0.01g and placed on 90m/c sieve.
2. The 90m/c mesh together with residue container was placed on the sieve shaker which was agitated by swirling planetary movement until no more material passes through it. (15 minutes) agitation time.
3. The residue was weighted and expressed as a percentage R1 of the quantity instead as mass. It was placed on the sieve to the nearest 0.1%
4. After the experiment was carried out, the base of the sieve was gently brush inorder to remove/clean off all the fine material inside it.
3.2.3.2 Normal consistency test
ASTM C 595 recommends the normal consistency test of blended cements to be measured by the ASTM C 187 method, which is the method for that of hydraulic cement. Therefore, the normal consistency was measured by a vicat apparatus. This apparatus measure the resistance of the paste to the penetration of a plunger or needle of 300gm released at the surface of the paste. The procedure used for this test is as described in ASTM C 187.
Apparatus: Vicat apparatus which consist of vicat stand, vicat mud, vicat base, plunger, stop watch, sensitive weighing balance, scrapper, measuring cylinder tube, Initial set needle, Final set needle.
Procedure:
1. 300grams of 10% bagasse ash and 95% Portland cement was weighed and placed on a mixing plate.
2. A crater was formed at the center of the sample weighed in which measured quantity of water was poured. Range of quantity of water(25% 0f 300g,30% 0f 300g and 31% of 300g)
3. The material at the outer edge was turned into the crater within 30sec by the aid of trowel.
4. After almost 30sec of thorough mixed, squeezed, and kneeled with hand for atleast one minutes.
5. The blended paste was formed into ball and tossed about six times from one hand to the other.
6. The ball resting on one hand was pressed into the mould through its larger end on glass plate and the top of the blended paste was smooth off with trowel.
7. The mould larger end was placed on the glass plate and smooth the top of the blended paste at small end.
8. The mould resting on glass plate under the plunger in the vicat apparatus was raised.
9. The end of the plunger was brought to touch the blended paste surface, the scale was set to zero, the release to it. Penetration reading was taken recorded. (time taken from adding of water to cement-bagasse ash filling of mould at 4minute interval).
10. The experiment was repeated, until the consistency was reached and attained.
3.2.3.3 Setting time test (Initial and Final)
ASTM C 595 recommends the use of ASTM C 191 method of measuring setting time, which is used for that of hydraulic cements. The initial setting time of the paste was determined by the duration of 25mm penetration of vicat needle into the paste in 30 seconds after it has been released while the final setting time was determined by measuring the time related to zero penetration of the needle into the paste.
Apparatus: Vicat Apparatus
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTSugarcane Bagasse is the fibrous residue leftover when sugarcane is squeezed for its juice. Bagasse ash is obtained by subjecting Bagasse to calcinations using furnace. This work is aimed tat using Bagasse Ash as a replacement in the production of concrete.The bagasse was collected from dumped in a market in Kano and thereafter sun-drie to eliminate any trace of moisture. It was then taken to the blast furnace for calcinations(controlled burning) at a temperature of 1250OC for 25minutes. ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLETable 2.1 Typical composition of ordinary Portland cement Table 2.2 Chemical Requirement for pozzolan Table 3.2 Mix proportion for the concrete work Table 4.1 Physical properties of cement and Bagasse ash Table 4.2 Chemical composition of cement and SBA Table 4.3 Grain Size distribution for bagasse ash and OPC Cement Table 4.4 Sieve analysis results for fine aggregate Table 4.5 Sieve analysis results for coarse aggregate Table 4.6 Concrete Slum ... Continue reading---
LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF FIGUREFigure 3.1 Diagram of sugarcane Bagasse ash Figure 4.1 Graph for gradation of Bagasse ash and cement Figure 4.2 Graph for sieve analysis of fine aggregate Figure 4.3 Graph for sieve analysis of coarse aggregate Figure 4.4 Concrete Slump Test Figure 4.4.1 Average Compressive Strength ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitled page Certification Dedication Acknowledgment Abstract Table of content List of Table List of Figure CHAPTER ONE: PREAMBLE 1.1 Preamble 1.2 Statement of problem 1.3 Aims and Objective 1.4 Justification 1.5 Scope of the study CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Concrete 2.2 Properties of Concrete 2.2.1 Fresh properties 2.2.2 Hardened prope ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Preamble Concrete is the most commonly used construction material in the world. It is basically composed of two components: paste and aggregates. The paste which acts as binder contains cement, water and occasionally admixtures; the aggregate contains sand and gravel or crushed stone (Naik and Moriconi, 2003). The aggregate are relatively inert filler materials which occupy 70% to 80% of concrete and can therefore be expected to have influence on its prope ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]The most common classification of Portland cement is that of ASTM. It classifies Portland cement mainly into five groups (non-air entrained) differing only on the relative amount of the compounds and the degree of fineness. • ASTM type I cement is a general purpose Portland cement used when there is no special property required by the concrete. • ASTM type II cement is Moderate Portland cement. It is also a general-purpose cement to be used when moderate sulphate resistan ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]Table 4.2.3 Sieve analysis results for coarse aggregate4.2.2 Results For Sieve Analysis Of Coarse AggregateThe Fine Modulus for Coarse Aggregate is 7.07 which falls within the range (6.5 to 8.00) as specified by ASTM C 33. Hence the soil is classified as Coarse Aggregate. ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 CONCLUSIONThe effects of sugar cane bagasse ash as supplementary cementations material in production of concrete was studied and after the research work was carried out, the following conclusions1. The chemical composition test reveals that the bagasse ash can be classified as pozzolana.2. The workability of concrete containing bagasse ash decreases slightly as the bagasse ash content increases w ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAbebe Dinku, The need for standardization of aggregates for concrete production in Ethiopian construction industry, Addis Ababa University department of civil engineering, may 2005.ACI Committee 232, “Use of Fly Ash in Concrete,†ACI Document 232.2R, Farmington Hills, MI, 1996. Abdolkarim Abbasi and Amin Zargar,†Using Baggase Ash in Concrete as Pozzolanâ€, Middle-East Journalof Scientific Research 13 (6):2013 pp716-719.ce Aderinola, O.S., Olofinsae, T.O ... Continue reading---
