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The Effects Of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash As Suplementary Cementitious Material In Production Of Concrete
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Procedures:
1. 300g of Bagasse ash was mixed with the amount of water required to produce normal consistency and fill the paste into the mould of the vicat apparatus as explained in the procedure for the determination of normal consistency.
2. 1mm needle was fixed at the lower end of the vicat apparatus and brought in contact with the surface of the paste. The scale was set to zero and the needle was release unto the surface of the paste and the reading was recorded.
3. The experiment was repeated until the paste become stiff for the needle to penetrate.
3.2.4 Test on aggregates
3.2.4.1 Sieve Analysis
This is a procedure for the determination of the particle size distribution of the aggregates. The particle size grading was carried out as specified in ASTM 1992. A set of stack sieve apertures ranging from( 9.50mm –150μm) was used. The sand sample of known Weight was put in the set of stack sieves and then placed on a mechanical shaker to sieve for about 10 minutes. The weight of the materials remaining on each sieve was recorded and the percentage retained calculated as a percentage of the total weight. The percentage passing and cumulative percentage passing were computed for each sieve.
Apparatus: sieve shaker, standard sieves, weighing balance, spatula, receiving pan, cleaning brush and stop clock.
Procedure:
1. Sieves and sieve shaker were cleaned with the aid of a cleaning brush.
2. Each sieves and the receiving pan were weighed and recorded.
3. Samples were put oven for 3-5 minutes to get dry.
4. Specimen were weigh and recorded.
5. Sieves were arranged in ascending order from smaller opening to larger opening.
6. Sample was placed in the top sieve in the stack of sieves and placed on the sieve shaker.
7. Sieve shaker was timed for 10 minutes using a stop clock.
8. Sieve stack was removed from the shaker and each sieve and residue in it was weighed and recorded.
3.2.4.2 Specific gravity and absorption capacity
Specific gravity is an expression of the density of an aggregate. It is the ratio between the weight of the substance and that of the same volume of water. Aggregates contain pores in their structure, therefore the specific gravity depends on whether the pores are included in the measurement or not. Apparent specific gravity of an aggregate refers to the solid materials excluding the pores and bulk specific gravity refers to total volume i.e. including pores of the aggregate.
Apparatus: Weighing balance, pan for drying, soft towel, Electric oven.
Procedure:
1. 500g and 1000g of sample of fine and coarse aggregate was measured.
2. Both sample measured was immersed in water for 24hours
3. After 24hours the water was drain off from the sample
4. Towel was then used to towel-clean the samples.
5. The weight of oven dry sample was determined.
6. The ratio of increase in weight of aggregate due to water absorbtion was expressed in percentage.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTSugarcane Bagasse is the fibrous residue leftover when sugarcane is squeezed for its juice. Bagasse ash is obtained by subjecting Bagasse to calcinations using furnace. This work is aimed tat using Bagasse Ash as a replacement in the production of concrete.The bagasse was collected from dumped in a market in Kano and thereafter sun-drie to eliminate any trace of moisture. It was then taken to the blast furnace for calcinations(controlled burning) at a temperature of 1250OC for 25minutes. ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLETable 2.1 Typical composition of ordinary Portland cement Table 2.2 Chemical Requirement for pozzolan Table 3.2 Mix proportion for the concrete work Table 4.1 Physical properties of cement and Bagasse ash Table 4.2 Chemical composition of cement and SBA Table 4.3 Grain Size distribution for bagasse ash and OPC Cement Table 4.4 Sieve analysis results for fine aggregate Table 4.5 Sieve analysis results for coarse aggregate Table 4.6 Concrete Slum ... Continue reading---
LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF FIGUREFigure 3.1 Diagram of sugarcane Bagasse ash Figure 4.1 Graph for gradation of Bagasse ash and cement Figure 4.2 Graph for sieve analysis of fine aggregate Figure 4.3 Graph for sieve analysis of coarse aggregate Figure 4.4 Concrete Slump Test Figure 4.4.1 Average Compressive Strength ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitled page Certification Dedication Acknowledgment Abstract Table of content List of Table List of Figure CHAPTER ONE: PREAMBLE 1.1 Preamble 1.2 Statement of problem 1.3 Aims and Objective 1.4 Justification 1.5 Scope of the study CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Concrete 2.2 Properties of Concrete 2.2.1 Fresh properties 2.2.2 Hardened prope ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Preamble Concrete is the most commonly used construction material in the world. It is basically composed of two components: paste and aggregates. The paste which acts as binder contains cement, water and occasionally admixtures; the aggregate contains sand and gravel or crushed stone (Naik and Moriconi, 2003). The aggregate are relatively inert filler materials which occupy 70% to 80% of concrete and can therefore be expected to have influence on its prope ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]The most common classification of Portland cement is that of ASTM. It classifies Portland cement mainly into five groups (non-air entrained) differing only on the relative amount of the compounds and the degree of fineness. • ASTM type I cement is a general purpose Portland cement used when there is no special property required by the concrete. • ASTM type II cement is Moderate Portland cement. It is also a general-purpose cement to be used when moderate sulphate resistan ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]Table 4.2.3 Sieve analysis results for coarse aggregate4.2.2 Results For Sieve Analysis Of Coarse AggregateThe Fine Modulus for Coarse Aggregate is 7.07 which falls within the range (6.5 to 8.00) as specified by ASTM C 33. Hence the soil is classified as Coarse Aggregate. ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.1 CONCLUSIONThe effects of sugar cane bagasse ash as supplementary cementations material in production of concrete was studied and after the research work was carried out, the following conclusions1. The chemical composition test reveals that the bagasse ash can be classified as pozzolana.2. The workability of concrete containing bagasse ash decreases slightly as the bagasse ash content increases w ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAbebe Dinku, The need for standardization of aggregates for concrete production in Ethiopian construction industry, Addis Ababa University department of civil engineering, may 2005.ACI Committee 232, “Use of Fly Ash in Concrete,†ACI Document 232.2R, Farmington Hills, MI, 1996. Abdolkarim Abbasi and Amin Zargar,†Using Baggase Ash in Concrete as Pozzolanâ€, Middle-East Journalof Scientific Research 13 (6):2013 pp716-719.ce Aderinola, O.S., Olofinsae, T.O ... Continue reading---
