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Prevalence Of And Motivation For Drug Abuse
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CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Preamble
This chapter covers the general procedure for the conduct of the study. It focuses on the research design, sample and sampling procedure, instrumentation, pilot testing, administration, psychometric properties, collection of data, scoring and method of data analysis.
Research Design
Descriptive survey research design was adopted to establish the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State. Ndaji (1999) defined descriptive survey as the collection of data for the purpose of describing and interpreting existing conditions, prevailing practices, beliefs, attitudes and on-going process. Abdullahi, (1995) also posited that descriptive survey is a form of research used when dealing with a systematic collection of data or information from population or a sample of population through the use of personal interview, opinion scale, questionnaire and or observation. Descriptive design directed towards the description of the characteristics of an individual group of individual and situation and to determine the frequency with which something happens or its degree of association with the occurrence of something else (Olawuyi & Famojuro, 1998).
In essence, descriptive survey involves collecting data in order to test hypotheses or answer questions concerning the current status of the subject and after which a generalized finding would be made on the study.
Sample and Sampling Procedure
The entire population for this study consists of youths in tertiary institutions in Kwara State. The target population consists of all students of the selected tertiary institutions. Sampling method is a systematic selection and examination of fractional part of the total population and generalizes its study to population from which it is taken. For the purpose of this study, a multi-stage sampling technique comprising stratified and random method was used to draw 450 respondents from tertiary institutions in Kwara state. Stratification is a process in which variable is classified into groups based on desired characteristics of the variables such as age, sex, institution, faculty, department etc. The sample was determined using Cohran (1997) sample size determination formulae.
In Kwara state, there are nine (9) tertiary institutions excluding distance learning, Open University, Mono-technics and Satellite campuses. Universities, Colleges of Education and Polytechnics were identified. At stage one, three (3) tertiary institutions were randomly selected across the three senatorial districts of Kwara State which are University of Ilorin (Kwara Central Senatotial District), College of Education, Oro (Kwara South Senatorial District) and College of Education, (Technical) Lafiaji (Kwara North Senatorial District). Stage two, stratified sampling method was used to categorize only the two hundred and three hundred students in each of the three tertiary institutions across different faculties/schools. At the last stage, respondents were chosen randomly across the faculties.
For the purpose of this study, year two and three students were considered to ensure equilibrium among the selected institutions since colleges of education have 3 levels. Thus, simple random method was used to select a total 450 respondents from the three tertiary institutions. Making one hundred and fifty (150) respondents per institution.
Instrumentation
The instrument used for this study is a research designed questionnaire titled “Prevalence of, and Motivation for Drug Abuse Among Students of Tertiary Institutions Questionnaire (PMDAASTIQ)â€. The instrument consists of three (3) sections.
Section “A†elicits Bio-data information from the participants such as gender, age, religion and family status. Section “B†elicits information on the “Prevalence of Drug Abuse Among Students of Tertiary Institutions†and it has fifteen (15) items. Section “C†also has fifteen (15) items and it covers “Motivation for Drug Abuse Among Students of Tertiary Institutionsâ€. Both Sections B and C were rated using a Four-Point Likert Type scale. Respondents were to indicate degree of agreement and disagreement to the items. Thus:
SA - Strongly Agree 4 points
A - Agree 3 points
D - Disagree 2 points
SA - Strongly Disagree 1 point
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONCOUNSELLOR EDUCATION DEPARTMENTPrevalence of and Motivation for Drug Abuse Questionnaire (PMDAQ)Dear Respondent, This instrument is designed to elicit information on the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Your sincere responses to each of the items will be highly appreciated as all information supplied will be treated with utmost confidentiality and be used strictly for the re ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]The American Psychiatric Association (2010) referred to substance abuse as maladaptive patterns of substance use leading to clinical significant impairment or distress, as manifested by one (or more) of the following, occurring within a 12 month period: recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home; recurrent substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous; recurrent substance related legal problems; continued substance ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 14 ]The immediate effects of smoking marijuana include increased heart rate, reddened eyes and increase feeling of well being. The hallucinogenic properties of marijuana may include enhancement of sensitivity to colour, sound patterns, texture and taste. The personal reaction time is showed and the ability to interprete what is seen takes a longer time than normal. Pollock, Candace and Charles (1979) listed the following behavioural effects of marijuana.• Marijuana impair short term me ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]Hypothesis Three:There is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of age.Table 7 indicates that the calculated t-value of 1.51 is less than the critical t- value of 1.96 at 0.05 alpha level. This indicates that there is no significant difference. Hence, the hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of age.Hypothesi ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]Still on the basis of age, the hypothesis that there is significant difference in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions was accepted as no significant difference was found. It then indicates that respondents’ age has no influence in their motivation for drug abuse. Irrespective of their different age brackets, they tend to be motivated towards drug abuse by peer pressure, in order to work better and experiment how it works. The finding thus supports that of ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]REFERENCESAaron, K., Robert, L., Reische, D., Barbara, V., Waggoner, S. & Wagger, H.(1982). Understanding health. New Jersey: Random House Visual Education Corporation. Abdullahi, O. (1995). Typology of research. In S. Jimoh (ed). Methodology: An inter disciplinary approach. Ilorin: Unilorin Library and Publication.Akindelly, B. (2009). Causes, effects and control of drug abuse in society.Retrieved July 22, 2013 from. http://www.voices.yahoo.com/causes-effects-control-drug-abuse-society. ... Continue reading---
