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Physico-chemical Investigation On Dumpsite Leachate
[A CASE STUDY OF ILORIN METROPOLIS] -
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The leachate that is produced in phase III has a lower value of pH as well as a lower ratio of BOD5 to COD. Moreover, both ammonia and nitrogen will be present at higher levels in the leachate. A number of inorganic constituents, for example heavy metals and also many essential substances will be solubilized in this phase. The composition of phase III is distinguished by neutral pH; low concentration of volatile fatty acid, sharply decreasing redox potential, and higher refractory organic matter concentrations. The longest phase is the methanogenic phase which undergoes more stabilization than other phases.
In phase IV a group of microorganisms convert the acetic acids and hydrogen gas to methane and carbon dioxide. The microbes responsible for this reaction are called methanogenic or methanogens. The pH values, due to methanogenic reaction, will rise to more neutral range of 6.8-8. The BOD5 and COD values of the landfill leachate and the concentration of heavy metals will reduce.
Phase V which is the maturation Phase starts after the biodegradable organic material. In this phase the leachate contains higher concentration of fulvic and humic acids. Leachates produced during this phase are characterized by relatively low BOD values and low ratios of
BOD/COD. Also, heavy metal concentration, organic compounds and fatty acids are depleted, while the ammonia –nitrogen remains at high level and the pH in this stage will increase (Diego, 2003)
However, the amount of pollutants in the leachate varies with time.Generally, the biodegradable organics tend to reach peak concentrations in the leachate in the earlier period (months) of leaching and then decreased. On the other hand, some pollutants such as poorly biodegradable organics and heavy metals such as iron tend to persist in the leachate for several years. This is shown in Fig. 2.8 (Farquar, 1989). It is also apparent from this data that contaminants are added to the leachate for many years even after the site is closed.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]6 Significance of the study This study is important because it serves as a medium through which numerous problems associated with the waste dumpsite can be address. This is also necessary because it is hoped that through its outcome, the magnitude of the environmental contamination in the study area will be highlighted. The outcome of the study may also give the government to appreciate waste management strategies and controls measures over indiscriminate dumping of waste. Furtherm ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]CHAPTER THREE3.0 METHODS AND MATERIALS3.1 Materials- Plain bottle- cooler- Incubator bottles- Air incubator or water bath- Fume hood- Beakers- Measuring cylinders- Volumetric flasks- HACH DR/700 colorimeter- Beaker- Blender- Graduated measuring cylinders- Electromagnetic stirrer- Volumetric flasks (1000ml, 100ml)- pH meter- Pipette - Safety shield- Spatula- Stir Bar- Stir Bar R ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]Superscripts a, b and c show that the values are significantly different while all the values bearing the same letter shows there no significant difference. The pH for Okefomo was 7.63 ± 0.16, Sawmill was 8.71 ± 0.15 and Irewolede was 7.79 ± 0.33 respectively. When pH of the three locations were compared, Okefomo and Irewolede were not significantly different while Sawmill was found to be different from both Okefomo and Irewolede (p ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS5.1 Discussion of FindingsThe thrust of the study was on the physico-chemical component on dump leachate sample in Ilorin metropolis at the level of impact on the ambient environment. The findings revealed that turbidity, pH and temperature of leachate in study area show significant value. This means that the values of pH and temperature of leachate in study area are such that can exalt negative influence on people. With respect to ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]REFERENCES:Abanades S., Flamant G. and Gauthier D.,(2001). Modeling of heavy metal vaporization from a mineral matrix, J. of Hazardous Materials, 88(1):75-94. Abdus-Salam, N. and Adekola, F. A. (2005). Physico- chemical characterization of some Nigeriangoethite mineral samples. Ife J. Sci. 7(1), 131 – 137. Abdus-Salam, N. and Adekola, F. A. (2005). The influence of pH and adsorbent concentration on adsorption of lead and zinc on a natural goethite. African J ... Continue reading---
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