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Determinants Of Acute Malnutrition Among Under-five Years Children
[A CASE STUDY OF ILLELA LOCAL GOVERNMENT SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA]
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CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the methodology used in the study. This has been divided into study population, data source, variable specification, anthropometric analysis, data analysis andstudy limitations on the determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in Arabaand Kalmalo districts.
3.2 STUDY POPULATION
The study population consistedof children below five years inAraba and Kalmalo districts. The two districts were considered because they were bordering with Niger Rep.
3.3 DATA SOURCE
Secondary data was obtained from 2 health facilities of Araba and kalmalo district. Empirical data on 104 children was collected in households within the two districts of Araba and Kalmalo.
3.4 STUDY VARIABLE SPECIFICATION
This section presents the specifications of the variables that were measured during the study.
i. Child malnutrition
The measure of child malnutrition in this study is a dummy variable with a value of 1 if the child malnutrition index is present and a value of 0 if otherwise as presented below.
1=Is the child stunted? 0=No, 1=Yes
2=Is the child wasted? 0=No, 1=Yes
3=Is the child under weight? 0=No, 1=Yes
ii. Sex of child
Sex of child was a binary variable with a value of 1 if the child was male and a value of 0 if the child was female.
iii. Age of child
Age of the child was recorded in complete months for all children who had not exceeded five years of age. The data was categorized during analysis as; < 12 months, 13-36 months,and 37-59 months.
iv. Birth order
Birth order of the child was categorized into;1-2, 3-4 and 5+order.
v. Birth interval
Child birth interval was categorized in years as; <2, 3-4 and 5-6.
vi. Maternal age at birthAge of mother at birth was categorized in years as; <20, 20-29, 30-39 and 40-49.
vii. Maternal level of education
Maternal level of education was categorized as; no formal education, primary and secondary+education.
viii. Marital status
Marital status of the mother was categorized as; never married/separated and married/cohabiting.
ix. Maternal occupation
Maternal occupation was categorized as; peasant farmers, civil servants/business, pastoralists, and handcrafts.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTMalnutrition is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity among under-five children in Sub Saharan Africa. To understand the determinants of malnutrition among under –five children, a study was conducted in Araba and kalmalo districts of Illela l/g to Understand the determinants in these districtsMajority of the children were aged 37-59 months 54(51.9%) and followed by those aged 13-36 months 44 (42.3%) respectively the average age of the children in months is 37 wi ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]COLLAGE OF PURE AND APPLY SCIENCEDEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH SCIENCE KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, MALETE.A QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE DETERMINANTS OF MALNUTRITION AMONG UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN ARABA AND KALMALO DISTRICTS IN ILLELA.Dear respondent, This is an academic research intended to assess the determinants of malnutrition under-five children in the districts of Araba and kalmalo district in Illela.The purpose of this study and its findings is purely academic. I kindly request for your assistan ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX B - [ Total Page(s): 1 ] ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLESTable 4.1: Under five Child factors. Table 4.2: Maternal factors of malnutrition among under-five children Table 4.3: Immunization status of under-five children in Araba and kalmalo Districts Table 4.4: Levels of malnutrition among under five children in Araba and Kalmalo Table 4.5: Bivariate associations between child and maternal factors with malnutrition among ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSDECLARATION APPROVAL BY SUPERVISORS DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT LIST OF ACRONYMS/ ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study 1.2 Problem Statement 1.3 Main objective 1.4 Specific objectives 1.5 Hypotheses 1.6 Scope of the study 1.7 Conceptual frame work 1.8 Significance of the study 1.9 Structure of the dissertation CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Malnutrition among under-fiv ... Continue reading---
List of symbols/Abbreviations - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF ACRONYMS/ ABBREVIATIONS AfrII: Africa Innovations InstituteBCG: Bacille Calmette-GuerinBMI: Body Mass IndexCDP: Child Days PlusDHS: Demographic and Health SurveysEPI: Expanded Programme on ImmunizationFAO: Food and Agricultural OrganizationMAAIF: Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and FisheriesMoH: Ministry of HealthNPA: National Planning AuthorityTASO: The AIDS Support OrganizationUNICEF: United Nations Children’s FundWHO: ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the studyThe World Health Organization (2013) estimates that there are 178 million children that are malnourished across the globe, and at any given moment, 20 million are suffering from the most severe form of malnutrition. Malnutrition contributes to between 3.5 and 5 million annual deaths among under-five children. UNICEF estimates that there are nearly 195 million children suffering from malnutrition across the globe. In 1997, the ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]CHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 INTRODUCTION This section presents a synthesis of the reviewed literature on the determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in different settings particularly in developing countries.2.2 MALNUTRITION AMONG UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN Research findings indicate that poor nutrition during childhood is one of the most important conditions that impede the physical and the mental development of children which ultimately propagates the vicious ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 10 ]The levels of malnutrition by district, results in Table 4.4 above indicate that stunting was higher in Araba district than in Kalmalo. Similarly, child wasting and underweight were highest in Araba than in kalmalodistrict. ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]The immunization status of the under-five children that were
involved in the study reveals that majority of the children (51.9%)
were immunized up to date according to the Expanded Programme on
Immunization Card (EPI Card), and this was confirmed by at least 32.7%
of the mothers whose children were fully immunized. Similar results
were obtained for the BacilleCalmette-Guerin (BCG) immunization where
most of the children had BCG scars (46.2%) followed by 32.7% of t ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]Tanzania Health Bulletin.8, 3.Olwedo, M. A., Mworozi, E. M., Bachou, H., and Orach, C.G. (2008). Factors associated with malnutrition among children in internally displaced person’s camps, Northern Uganda. Journal of Africa Health Sciences 8(4), 244-252.United Nations Children’s Fund. (1990). Strategies of improving nutrition of children and women in developing countries, New York: UNICEF, USA.Victora, C. G., Huttly, S.R., Fuchs, S.C., andOlinto, M.T. ... Continue reading---
