Tourism Database Management System Using Data Warehouse Approach

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1    INTRODUCTION
Tourism is the travel for recreation, leisure, religious, family business purposes, usually of any limited duration. Tourism is recognized as an activity essential to Nations due to its direct results on social, cultural, educational and economic sectors of National societies and their International relations (IPROJECT, 2016).
Literature review is the study of what is as of now recorded about the subject at hand, the difficulties in implementation of the existing system. It fundamentally inspects past studies done on the zone of current concern or that are firmly identified with it. The review of literature concentrates on distinguishing a few commitments effectively made on the subject under research (DoubleGist.com, 2013).
2.2    BACKGROUND STUDY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Nigeria being as an African emerging market economy has rightly identified the fact that tourism has the potential to boost it to the first rank of emerging market economies, as a result, it has taken a bold step toward the achievement of its goals and objectives. Tourism is expected to play a major role in achieving this goal. Lately, the Nigerian Government mentioned in its Operational Assertion that 'Tourism' is one of the need areas of the economy of Nigeria. Nevertheless, having considered the statement of the Government, an inexplicable commitment to tourism, one must expect several difficulties at this significant phase of the advancement of the sector (Osagie, 2009).
It is globally known that a nation’s economy is mostly driven by a particular economic-sector. Some years back Nigeria has mostly depended on the agricultural sector for the economic strive of the nation. Amid the pre-colonial days there were certain mineral resources exported to other countries for monetary and other valuables, took after with the outcome that between the late fifties and mid-seventies, Nigeria was a noteworthy exporter of groundnut, cocoa, coal, palm oil, lead and tin (DoubleGist.com, 2013).
At the point of the discovery of crude oil the various natural resources being exported were never given a priority, the natural resources weren’t longer a major focus for the sustainability of the country. The discovery of crude oil brought about an exceptional economic explosion to the nation. Nigeria had a considerable measure of cash and the nation facilitated the second dark and African Festivals of Arts and Culture, FESTAC, in 1977. Sadly, endeavors to get the nation industrialized from the oil continues to experience drawback (DoubleGist.com, 2013).
Presently, some powerful external global forces (nations) are controlling the worldwide oil business sector to the drawback of other nations who are major producers of crude oil. It is now drawn from observation that solely depending on a particular sector of the economy for the nation’s economic stay places the nation at a higher risk of economic crisis, hence there is the need to diversify and pluralized the nation’s economy (DoubleGist.com, 2013).
The acknowledgment of the expanding part and prospects of tourism in the global economy quickly pulls in consideration, particularly as Nigeria is potentially enriched with tourism assets. The need to develop the tourism sector caught the attention of the Federal Government of Nigeria by proclaiming Decree 54 of 1976, which initiated the establishment of Nigerian Tourism Board and State Tourism Committee, wherein some governmental bodies were laid with the responsibility of ensuring that this developmental initiative is achieved (DoubleGist.com, 2013).
2.3    THREE TIER DATA WAREHOUSE
Deku (2012) asserted that data warehouse architecture is a means of demonstrating the general structure of data, communication, processing and presentation that exists for end-client/user processing inside the organization. Nevertheless, Paoletti (2012) states that one of the greatest function of data warehouse is to create reports that are utilized month to month, week by week, quarterly and yearly and have them spontaneously pushed to your e-mail inbox at an organized time. As a result, there won’t be need to continuously recreate these sort of standard reports. The Data Warehouse is based on a three-level architecture. Every level can be overseen and scaled freely, expanding adaptability. Subsequently, singular segments can scale and be made exceedingly accessible effortlessly.
By and large, a data warehouse embraces a three-level architecture. Taking after are the three levels of the data warehouse architecture. The accompanying graph delineates the three-level architecture of the data warehouse: