Results Computation System In Higher Institutions Using Php, Html, Css, Mysql

CHAPTER THREE SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1    Methodology
A methodology is a system of methods used in a particular area of study. It is a body of practices, procedures and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an enquiry. It is in other words, a set of working methods. Methodology involves a process whereby the existing or current system is studied to identify the information requirements. It is used to refer to a specific series of steps or procedures which governs the analysis and design of a particular project. It also includes the techniques and methods which are used to collect and analyze information.
The types of methodologies includes: Prototyping, Object Oriented Analysis and Design Methodology (OOADM), Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) etc. For the purpose of this project, Structured System Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) was employed. Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM) is an integrated   set of standards which guides the analysis and design of computer systems.
3.2    Problem Identification and Analysis of Existing System
There is the need to present a clear picture of the problems which calls for the design of a new system; these are invariably the problems of the old system.
The manual system of result processing was tedious and tasking. The system was discovered to be slow and as such, resulting to delays in the academic processes. Also, it was observed that results computation was characterized by errors. These problems call for the need for a more efficient process of result processing through a method of automation.
Due to the manual means being used by the university in keeping information about students’ examination processing, a lot of problems are encountered which includes:
1.    Results hardly come out on time for students to know the courses to register for the next semester in the case of any carry-over.
2.    It takes a lot of time to retrieve a particular students’ result.
3.3    Analysis of the Proposed System
With the investigations identifies various operational and logical problems, the research therefore concludes that it is necessary to set up a new system. The proposed system must be able to fulfill the under listed expectations.
Functionality: It must successfully support the users’ requirements. Specified hardware, software and business routine must enable the staff effectively undertake their processing task.
Accuracy: The problem of inaccuracy and data entry error should be easily checked and remedied.
Efficiency: It must be able to meet functional requirement within a specified time.
Elimination of duplication error: The new system should provide room to eliminate the duplication problem which the current system is known for.
Economical: It should be highly economical, demand minimum storage and minimize redundant data stored by the system in order to reduce the problems associated with data redundancy.
User friendliness: The system should provide comfortable environment for work. It should produce a comprehensive output.
The new system should be able to eliminate the voluminous paper work of the existing system and produce timely management report. It should have a clearly defined content of the records of every student.
3.4    Use - Case Analysis of the Proposed System
The Proposed System will have three (3) categories of users:
-    The HOD (Admin)
-    The Examinations Officer
-    The Lecturers
The HOD (Admin) will be responsible for
-    Uploading list of Courses
-    Assigning Courses to Lecturers
-    Uploading list of Lecturers
-    Setting/ Updating Semesters
-    Processing of Transcripts
-    Setting up Deadline for Submission
-    Granting/ Declining Review Applications The Examinations Officer will be responsible for
-    Viewing Results as submitted by lecturers
-    Computing Results to get Grades, Grade Point Averages (GPA) and Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPA)
The Lecturers will be responsible for
-    Uploading the Score of Students as per their Courses. This will include Continuous Assessment (CA) Scores and Examination Scores.