Ediagbonya and Oyadongha (2013) carried
out a survey on employability skills among post-graduate students of
business education in Edo State. The study investigated the concept of
employability of Business Education graduates. Human Capital Theory
which was popularised by Schultz formed the theoretical framework for
this study. The main purpose of this work was to ascertain the mean
ratings of employability skills possessed by Business Education
graduates. Four research questions were raised and three hypotheses were
formulated to guide the study. The case study research design was
adopted for this study. The systematic random sampling technique was
used in selecting 60 respondents from the population of 130. The
questionnaire titled ‘Employability of Business Education Graduates
Questionnaire (EBEGQ)’ was used in eliciting information from the
students. The researcher together with a research assistant administered
the instrument. The Mean, Standard Deviation, percentage, frequency and
tables were used in analysing the data. One of the findings was that
Business Education graduate employability skills was high. A major
recommendation made was that shorthand and typing teachers should be
encouraged to be more active in imparting these skills.
Asuquo
and Agboola (2014) carried out a study on Nigerian universities outputs
and their employability in the labour markets in South-south, Nigeria.
The descriptive design of “ex-post facto†type was used and the study
population comprised Nigerian universities graduates in both private and
public establishments in South-south, Nigeria. The researcher developed
a questionnaire tagged “Universities Outputs and their Employability
Questionnaire†which was validated by two independent experts in Test
and Measurement and was used for data collection. Reliability of the
instrument was tested and Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.89
was obtained. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a
sample of 1200 Universities graduates, 600 from a private and 600 from
public establishments in South-south, Nigeria. Frequency and percentage
were used to analyse the demographics of these employers while both one
sample t-test and independent t-test were used to test research
hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance.
The Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) was used to enhance data
analysis. The result showed that the employability of Nigerian
universities outputs based on the responses of their employers who rated
them was significantly below average. This result was indifferent in
spite of the differences of respondents’ sex, organisation type,
educational qualification and age. Hence, the study recommended that
management of the university education in Nigeria should collabourate
with the employers of labour in designing the university curriculum.
Also, a more robust and proactive step should be taken by Nigerian
government to improve the existing industrial training programme and
other programmes towards enhancing the employability of university
outputs in South- South and in Nigeria at large.
Ikpesu (2014)
carried out a study on entrepreneurial human capital development and
economic future of Nigerian graduates. The study examined the adoption
of entrepreneurship education as a multi-disciplinary approach in the
curriculum of all Nigerian universities curriculum for developing the
needed entrepreneurial human capital. A sample of 300 graduates
currently undergoing their mandatory National Youth Service Corps (NYSC)
in Port Harcourt, Rivers State having entrepreneurship education
background prior to graduation in their various universities and
entrepreneurship training programme during orientation camp were
selected. The instrument titled ‘’Entrepreneurial Human Capital and
Graduate Economic Future Questionnaire’’ (EHCGREFQ) was analysed with
descriptive statistics.
The findings of the study revealed some
socio-economic implications of entrepreneurial human capital development
as wealth creation, employment generation, increasing life expectancy
and living standard, poverty and crime reduction which have direct
impact on the national economy. It was however recommended that
entrepreneurial educators should use teaching methodologies that will
specifically enable future graduates acquire essential employable skills
and develop strong entrepreneurial character of ownership mentality,
autonomy and independence which favour small and medium enterprises.
Ibidunni and Falola (2014) examined the effect of human resource waste
on productivity in Nigeria. A descriptive research method was adopted
for the study using two hundred and thirty-two (232) valid questionnaire
copies which were administered in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The
simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample of two
hundred and thirty-two (232) respondents. The data collected were
analysed using percentage. The results showed that a strong relationship
existed between human resource waste and productivity. The summary of
the study indicated that there was a strong relationship between the
tested dependent variable and independent construct. The study then
recommended that government, employers of labour and decision-makers
should endeavour to create an enabling environment where business can
thrive and encourage young graduates to set up their business rather
than looking for jobs that are not available.
