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Preservice Economics Teachers Perception And Attitude Towards The Use Of Computer-based Test For Assessment
[A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN]
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The use of computer-based examinations combines advantages with respect to content (integration of other media, favourable presentation of pictures, and possibility of other examination formats) with rapid data analysis. This promises higher efficiency with respect to implementation and evaluation (Hochlehnert, Brass, Moeltner and Juenger, 2011). Computer experience is a major factor in explaining the difference between students’ performance on computer-based tests (Lee, 1986). Boo (1997) in his study titledcomputer familiarity and the students’ performance in English Vocabulary concluded that there was no significant relationship between computer familiarity and the students’ performance on three computerised tests of vocabulary, Computer attitude and preferences are not only formed by previous experience and use of computers but also by the educational and professional curricula and generally by choices and attitudes to subjects in schools as noted by Levin & Gordon, (1989). Different studies have explored examinees’ computer attitudes and preferences for computer-based testing and found a variety of views. Some participants negatively evaluated their experience with the computers in general and CBT in particular (Ward 1989).
Computer-basedtest are not compatible with assistive technology sometimes called adaptive technology used by individuals who are blind or have other visual disabilities (American Council of the Blind, 2000). ETS on its Web site in (ETS, 2002) listed assistive technology products as screen magnification software (Zoom Text), alternative keyboard, and alternative pointing devices, but screen readers are not among the alterations for computer-based testing.Computer-based test system saves time, solves the problem of leakages and also renewed confidence in the testing process. According to Pinner (2011) the use of paper printing is minimized, almost entirely. This could reduce administration costs as well as environmental impact. Institution does not have to buy computers especially for test. Also, because computers can successfully mark any objective sections almost instantaneously, the need to pay humans to go through with marking grids is erased. This increases the speed of the results and feedback, as well as cutting costs and of course improving the accuracy of marking.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Attitude towards Computer-Based Test
The great interest shown in attitude has led to the concept being defined in various ways by different social psychologist and educationist. Procter (1980) for instance, defined attitude as a manner of feeling and behaving, judgment opinion. This definition equates attitude to behavior, degree or opinion. As Gagne (1987) rightly pointed out however a high behavioral attitude makes certain classes of individual action more or less predictable, but they do not determine particular actions. In other word, attitude influences opinion they can be viewed as tendencies to response or state characterized by readiness to respond to situation or object in some ways. Gagne (1987) defined attitude as a learned internal state which influences choice of personal action toward some category of persons, object or events. The internal influence Gagne stressed can however sometimes be observed by external variable as observe in actual choice exhibited in overt behavior. Chukudi (2005) described attitude as an individual tendency or predisposition to evaluate an object or symbol of that object in a certain way†Okeye (1991) and Babatunde (1992) indicated that attitude can broadly be grouped into two: positive and negative attitude. Positive attitude, according to them, aspires for the best and optimistic about things, ideas and concept. The behavioural tendency seeking effective component of liking represent positive attitude, while negative attitude perceive things, ideals and concept as hard and difficult. The behavioral tendency of avoiding and the effective component of disliking represent negative attitude towards an object. According to Lukman (1998) attitude is defined as actions, emotional feelings and or action tendencies with respect to social object. Many authors seem to agree with the view of attitude as given by Daniel 1998; Ogunniyi (2005), also describe attitude as a mental and neutral state of readiness organized through experience exerting a directive or dynamic influence upon individuals response to all object or situation with which it is associated from. From the statement above it could also be inferred that, attitude could be a favorable or unfavorable reaction toward certain experience situation or activities based on individual perception of them.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIXUNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONINSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONQUESTIONNAIRE ON PRESERVICE ECONOMICS TEACHERS PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED TEST FOR ASSESSMENT IN UNIVERSITY OF ILORINDear Respondent,The objective of this questionnaire is to elicit information on Pre-service economics teachers perception and attitude towards the use of computer-based test for assessment in university of Ilorin. The information provided will be treated as strictly confidential an ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]This study might as well enlighten lecturers on the uses of computer-based test and paper-based test.Examination bodies like the West African Examination Council, the National Examination Council and the Joint Admissions Matriculation Board may find the result of this study useful to them during their policy formulation and implementation with regards to test. The result of this study may prompt examination bodies in Nigeria to use computer-based test. Examinations and professional bodies will a ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]The research instrument wasvalidated by the researcher’s supervisor and
three lecturers from the Department of Social Science Education,
University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The face and contents validation of the
instrument was done to ensure that items in the questionnaire are
appropriate and suitable to assess exactly what it is meant for. The
reliability of the instrument was determined by administrating the
instrument on 10 randomly selected pre-service teachers from Social
S ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]Summary of FindingThe following finding findings were derived from the study through research questions;1. Pre service Economics teachers’ perceived CBT to be usefulness for assessment in University of Ilorin.2. Pre service Economics teachers’ perceived CBT to be easy to use for assessment in University of Ilorin3. The attitude of Pre service Economics teachers’ towards the use of CBT for assessment in University of Ilorin is not positive. ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]ConclusionIn light of this, the study discovered that though CBT is usefulness and easy to use but students still have a negative attitude towards it due to factors like anxiety and computer competency.RecommendationsBased on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations were made:1. Nigerian universities should improve the efficiency of computer-based test to increase its credibility.2. Lecturer sand students should be encouraged on the use of computer- based test irre ... Continue reading---
