The Effect Of Truancy On The Academic Performance Of Senior Secondary School Students
[A CASE STUDY OF OGBOMOSO SOUTH, OYO STATE]

3.5    Validity and Reliability of the Instruments
For the validity of the instrument, it was developed by the researcher and given to the supervisor in charge to help scrutinizing the items and to modify before administrations. From the initial, a total of 25 questions were designed, but 20 questions were finally used based on expert input
3.6    Procedure for Data Collection
Prior to the time of the collection of data, the researcher went to all the three schools and informed the teachers of his intention to carry out a research on the effect of truancy on the academic performance of students. He sought their support to help fish out students who can be identified as truants. This was done by checking the class attendance register, subject attendance register and personal academic records of students. The aim of the interview was to get the teachers prepared on the students records. He looked through the records of students who were identified as truants to check if they could be categorized as truants and also to know if the selection was not biased. Records of non-truants were also checked.
In Baptist high school Ogbomoso, 15 truants were identified, 8 at Ogbomoso high school and 9 at the Apostolic church Grammar school Ogbomoso. Random samples on non-truants were conducted.
In each class, names of female and male students were collected. The students were asked to ballot. In each school, the number of ‘yes’, tallied with the number of students that remained to complete the number of sample (i.e 50). For example at Baptist High school, there were 15 truants and the number of students that remain to complete the sample for the school was 35. When the students were balloting, there were 35 “yes”. The aim of the research was made known to them and they were asked to respond truthfully.
The truants were also interviewed. They were not really told that they were truants. The researcher was able to gather some information through their response. Since they were not aware that they had been identified as truants by their teachers.
They willingly responded to the questions they were asked. After the interview, the researcher counselled them on the importance of going to school regularly. Five (5) teachers were selected from each of the three schools.
They were made to be aware of the damage truancy is causing to students’ academic performances. They were willing to assist the researcher and also responded well to the questions asked. There was a typed interview schedule for each teacher and student. The responses were recorded after each question had been asked.      
3.7    Method of Data Analysis
In analyzing the data collected, percentages, T-test and chi- square test will be used to verify the hypothesis