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Design And Construction Of Automatic Change-over For Three Phases
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ABSTRACT
The main aim of any electric power supply in the world is to provide uninterrupted power supply at all times to all its consumers. Although in developing countries, the electric power generated to meet the demands of the growing consumers of electricity is insufficient hence instability and outage.
Power instability or outage in general does not promote development in the public and private sector. The inventors do not feel secure to come into a country with constant or frequent power failure.
These limit the development of industries. In addition, there are processes that cannot be interrupted because of their importance. For instance, surgery operation in hospitals, transfer of money between bank and lots more. Power instability and outage in developing countries (Nigeria) creates a need for alternative source of power to backup the main supply.
Automatic changeover switches find a wide application scope wherever the reliability of electric supply from the utilities is low and it is used in lighting motor circuits wherever continuity of supply is necessary. For switching to an alternative source from main supply and vice versa.
This project is a design of an automatic changeover switch this means that when there is any mains failure, the automatic changeover switch will change to an alternative power supply (GENERATOR) and back to the main supply when it is restored.
The purpose of this project is to maintain constant supply to the main circuit that is being supplied by making up for the time delay that usually accompanies the manual switching from one source to another.
The design comprises of the power connection circuit and control connection circuit. The main components to be used include contactor, relay, timers, rectifier e.t.c.
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APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]BILL OF ENGENEERING MEARSUREMENT AND EVALUTION (BEME)The table below shows the cost estimate in naira and kobo of constructed automatic change-over panel.Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Certification Acknowledgements Abstract Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE1.1 Introduction 1.2 Aim and Objective of the Project 1.3 Scope of the Project CHAPTER TWO2.1 Literature Review 2.2 Manual Change-over Switch 2.3 Automatic Change-over Switch 2.4 Related Work 2.5 Reasons for Automatic Change-over Switch 2.6 Problems of Automatic Change-over Switch CHAPTER THREE3.1 Methodolog ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER ONE1.1 INTRODUCTION Power instability in developing countries creates a need for automation of electrical power generation or alternative sources of power to back-up the utility supply. This automation is requiring as the rate of power outages become predominantly high. Research in the field of electrical electronics engineering has led to the tremendous discovers and inventions especially in the area of automation and power control. These invention have been useful in solvi ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]The circuit diagram of the flip flop and switching transistor stage of the related art.Another related art was the development of a single phase automatic change-over switch. This also related to the present invention i.e. it switches electrical power supply from public supply to generator in the event of a power outage or insufficient voltage but it is apply to single phase system while the present invention is apply to three (3) phase system, moreover, the system uses an electronic control cir ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]START AND STOP BUTTONS These two push buttons are used to close and open the circuit respectively. The start push button is a normally open type (NO) while the stop push button is a normally close (NO) type to breaker the circuit when need arise3.5 CONTACTOR Is a device designed for repeatedly making and breaking an electronic power circuit. It is usually operated magnetically. It can be operated in line or be remotely governed by pilot devices or relay. And when there is a s ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER FOURCONSTRUCTION4.1 LIST OF COMPONENT USEDThe following electronic components used in the project are list below(1) Voltmeter (2) Casing (3) Vero-Board(4) Transformers DC 12V(5) Diodes (6) Capacitors 100(7) Resistors 4k(8) Contactors (9) 16mm2 Cables(10) 1ooAmp connector (11) Bolt and Nuts(12) Indictor light (13) Relay three phase (14) 555IC timer 4.2 VERO BOARD: is a brand of strip-board, a p ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.1 CONCLUSION The automatic change-over switch has immense advantage in every area where power is required it is a fact that there is hardly any aspect of human life were electrical power is not required, at home, offices, hospital, etc. It find a wide application scope, wherever the re-ability of electrical supply is necessary, for switching to an alternative source from main.5.2 RECOMMENDATIONThe automatic change-over switch is needed in every home and of ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCEB.L. and A.K. Theraja (1997): Electrical Technology, S. chand company LTDEngr. A.O Aduloju (2003): Electrical Power System, Evidence Nigeria VentureEngr. M.B Jenyo (2007): Electrical Power System III & IV lecture Notes, UnpublishedEngr. T.A. Mustapha (2006): Electrical Power System I & II inn lecture Notes, unpublishedInternet Research: http://www.electricalsolution.comM.S. Ahmed, A.S. Mohammed & C.B. Augusibo (2006): Development of a single Automatic change-over switch Federal Universi ... Continue reading---
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APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]BILL OF ENGENEERING MEARSUREMENT AND EVALUTION (BEME)The table below shows the cost estimate in naira and kobo of constructed automatic change-over panel.Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation ... Continue reading---
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