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Design And Construction Of 5kva Inverter
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is a well known fact today that electrical power supply is not
reliable. All over the world, there is a significant electrical power
supply interruption. Because of these electrical power supply
interruption, many electrical equipments have either developed problems
or even stopped working entirely. Hence this has crippled much business
thereby affecting even the economy of many countries as Nigeria. Also
there is increase in occurrence of power supply disturbance, which can
be viewed as a form of power pollution. High voltage spikes and
momentary voltage drops are therefore common. These power disturbance
may affect the performance of sensitive equipment in private and
corporate organization causing loss of data ad even damage to equipment.
In Nigeria today, it is not an over-statement to talk about the
epileptic supply of electrical power. This has become the order of the
day such that many Nigeria now view these power outages as “Normal†and
part of their daily life. A wide range of factors have been identified
for this problem. They include natural disasters, vandalism,
maintainability and sustainability and lack of local content. The
problem of poor quality power supply cannot be properly addressed
without a review of other factors such as lack of political will to
invest adequately in power sector, absence of replacement policy
resulting in obsolete equipment, unsustainable human capacity building
and inadequate reward and remuneration system to motivate human
resources team to perform well.
According to the
recommendation made by the Institute of Electrical Electronics
Engineering (IEEE), the supplies that should be available for use should
be continuous, uninterrupted with constant frequency and within the
load determine in terms of voltage and current. These requirements have
become even more relevant in view of the high sensitivity and
sophistication of modern technological equipment in use today.
The progress made in developing alternate source of energy over the
last decades has shown that independent power systems are not only
possible but also very practical. In fact a wide variety of generating
equipment is now available to allow individuals take advantage of just
any renewable source of energy, for number of reasons, however, most of
these system produce only direct current (DC) and often do so only at
low voltages. Nonetheless, it is generally agreed that the greatest and
most useful form of current is the Alternating current (AC), since these
exist in the vast majority of homes.
Therefore, there arises the
need to able to convert Direct Current (DC) to Alternating Current (AC)
that will be of a constant frequency and also be used to power
electrical circuits either in homes or in industries. Such electrical
device is called an INVERTER.
An inverter is a power
electronics device or apparatus which converts direct current to
alternating current, allowing the direct current power from these
generators to be used with ordinary a.c appliances and or mixed with the
existing electrical grid.
An inverter is an electrical device that
converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (A.C); the converted
A.C can at any required voltage and frequencies, with the use of
appropriate transformer, switching and control circuit. Inverters are
commonly used to supply A.C power from D.C sources such as panels or
batteries.
This inverter is designed to provide uninterrupted
220volts a.c supply to the loads connected at its outputs socket. It
provide a constant a.c supply to the output socket even when the a.c
mains supply is no longer available. When the a.c main supply is
available, it goes to the a.c mains sensor, relay and battery charging
section of the inverter. This a.c mains sensor informs the relay about
the availability of a.c mains supply. When this relay receives a.c mains
signals from the main supply, it directly passes the a.c main signals
to the inverter output socket.
The electrical inverter
e.g. 5000watts or 5KVA, 220-240v, 50Hz, is high power electronic
oscillator. It is also named because early mechanical AC to D.C
converters were made to work made to work in reverse and thus were
“inverted†to convert D.C to A.C. the inverter performs the opposite
function of a rectifier.
If one want to select an inverter, like 5000watts,
Total load to be connected = 5000watts
Power factor = 0.8(all inverters have a power factor between 0.6 and 0.8)
Inverter VA = 5000/0.8 = 6250 VA
So select a 7000VA inverter to run 5000watts loads
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This inverter is designed to convert ac power from higher capacity dc batteries to A.C voltage (power) for systems that use ac only. It uses 24v battery D.C times 2, which is converted by the MOSFET to A.C. it is used I.C. with the model number SG3525 where the four MOSFET is connected to it. It consists winding which enable to determine the number of wattage. The inverter consist of four section (i) supply unity (i) Triggering or Switching unit (ii) Buffer stage (iv) step-up trans ... Continue reading---
