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Assessment Of The Impact Of Environmental Factors On Effective Teaching And Learning Of Physical Education And Sports
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.2Background to the study
There is no
gainsaying the fact that education is very vital to the pace of social,
political and economic development of any nation. This is why most
nations of the world strive to devote a sizeable proportion of their
Gross National Income to develop the educational sector. In Nigeria,
between 7.6% and 9.9% of our annual expenditure is devoted to education
(Durosaro, 2003). The proportion earmarked in the approved national
budget is meant to finance capital and recurrent expenditure of schools.
The physical structures which is capital intensive takes the larger
part of the cost since the physical environment of a school adds a lot
of value to the school (Obong, 2007).
Egim (2003) observed in her
study that the physical environment contributes either negatively or
positively to the effectiveness of teaching and learning in the school.
The school physical environment includes the buildings, classrooms,
furniture, equipment, instructional materials, laboratories, libraries,
play grounds, and so on. Others are walls, machinery, decorative
objects, play fields, skating rinks, swimming pools, audio-visual
equipment (Mckay, 1964 in Egim, 2003). Egim (2003) maintained that in a
bid to expand the educational enterprise, educational planners are more
interested in issues such as the number of schools, teachers, students’
infrastructural facilities like classrooms and school buildings. Little
attention is paid to the quality of the environment (Obong. 2010).
Maintaining
a sound and healthy environment has always been a challenge to man
(Akintola, 2008). For example, the different inputs from anthropogenic
activities include energy generating heat, uncontrolled sound turning
into noise, and other land-using agencies that causes degradation of the
physical environment. Various human activities that require planning
and coordination demands comprehensive and deliberate efforts to keep
the physical environment fit for the total man to function well. Hence,
the management of built environment is determinant to the quality of man
at any given time. Where this is undermined, there is bound to be poor
physical conditions and the consequence is poor human output. Of
particular interest to this study is the school environment.
The
physical outlook of the school environment is very important in
contributing to a healthy academic exercise. It forms the fulcrum on
which other activities revolve. This is because it creates an atmosphere
through the mind for studies(Akinsolu,2004). The duties of teaching and
learning, if effectiveness is the goal, is a great one; one of such is
the school location. Where a school is located can determine to a large
extent the stability of the student’s mind for academic readiness.
A
school located along air-traffic route, roadside (especially without a
fence), in the neighbourhood of industrial activities, markets, and so
on will be academically encumbered because such environments will
interfere with the students’ learning process. It will generate noise
enough to badly affect the study adventure. As indicated by the National
Teachers’ Institute (NTI, 2008; Mckay, 1964 in Egim, 2003), these are
capable of affecting the quality of learning environment. Equally
crucial is the greening of the school environment. Sanitation Connection
(2001/2002) maintains that a school management that provides sanitation
and planting of flowers, trees and maintaining lawns, well cleared
grasses, etc. improves quality of life and study environment. Aesthetics
of a school environment is another aspect of managing a school
environment. Regular painting and maintaining the quality of buildings,
channelling of sewage, well-planned landscape and trimming of flowers,
clearing of grasses, proper disposal of refuse, sweeping and removing
cub webs among others, provides a relaxed atmosphere for the moulding
of minds. All the issues above constitute school environmental
management strategies that could make a school a place to live and not
to leave.
In spite of this all-important top burner matter, very
little have been done in managing school environments for fruitful
academic venture. It becomes necessary to conduct a study on the
environmental factors that affect effective teaching and learning
How
a school environment is managed in aesthetics, recreation, waste,
drainage pattern, and other physical outlook of the environment has a
telling effect on the quality of learning. It is opined that regular
grass clearing, sweeping of the school compound and painting,
landscaping and planting of flowers, good drainage, refuse disposal,
provision of fields, playgrounds and sporting facilities are strategies
adopted to ensure effective teaching and learning(Akinsolu, 2004). In
this study however, the focus is on the effective teaching of Physical
Education and Sports at the secondary school level.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study explored the impact of environmental factors on the effective teaching and learning of physical education and sports in Lagos state secondary schools. The study was guided by research objectives, questions and hypotheses that included the influence of school location, school facilities and modern supervision techniques on the effective teaching and learning of physical education and sports in Lagos state secondary schools. Literature review covered relevant texts and documents on the ... Continue reading---
