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An Examination Of The Problems Of Solid Waste Management In Nigeria
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
The
management of urban solid wastes constitutes one of the immediate and
serious environmental problems facing governments in African cities
(Baumgartner,
2003). The conventional municipal solid waste
management approach, based on collection and disposal, has failed to
provide efficient and effective services to all urban residents
(Vancini, 2000). The urban environment steadily degrades due to large
volumes of waste which are not efficiently managed. In Nigeria, it is
common to find large heaps of garbage and other wastes all over the
cities. Abugo (1999) reported that 35% of Ibadan’s household, 33% of
Kaduna’s and 44% of Enugu’s do not have access to waste collection and
disposal services. Odeyemi and Onibokun (1997) described Lagos as the
dirtiest capital in the world. In most parts of the cities, streets are
partially or wholly blocked by solid wastes. Similarly, open spaces and
market places are littered with solid wastes. In most cases, drains are
clogged or totally blocked and many compounds are hemmed in by solid
wastes. However, this deplorable situation is not peculiar to
Nigerian cities.
The concern over solid waste is generated from an
aesthetic desire to live in a clean environment and also from the
realization that a dirty and cluttered environment is unhealthy and
unsafe for the population. This is evident in the incorporation of
environmental sanitation as a component of primary health care adopted
by the World Health Organization at the Alma Ata Declaration in
September, 1978 (WHO, 1978). This was also clearly pointed out at the
Istanbul Declaration and the Habitat Agenda for 1988. It was stated that
sustainable human settlements depend on the creation of better
environment for human health and wellbeing which will improve the living
conditions of people and of their lives (United Nations for Human
Settlement, 1998).
In spite of the landmark achievements recorded by
the developed countries, they are still faced with the potential risks
to health and to environment from handling solid and liquid wastes.
In
Nigeria, the problem of solid waste is manifested with its consequent
effects on pollution of water, air and land with the hazards to health
and other natural resources of social and economic importance (Federal
Ministry of Housing and Environment, 1982).
There has been an
increasing concern about the serious health implications from waste
management in Nigeria. Some priority programmes embarked upon by FEPA
include waste management education, awareness and publication of
relevant information, commitment of appreciable amount of fund, renewal
of equipment/facilities and training of manpower. However, solid waste
management is still one of the most serious challenges facing the
country. This research therefore, tried to find out the problems of
solid waste management in Nigeria.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study examined the problems of Solid Waste Management in Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, a stratified and systematic random sampling technique was used to draw the sample from the six geopolitical zones of the country namely North-West, North-East, North-Central, South-West, South-East and South-South. From each zone a state was selected; thus the total number of states involved in the study was six. Based on the findings of this study ,the results showed that, there were problems to ef ... Continue reading---
