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An Assessment Of Climate Change And Variability In Coastal Region
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1.4.2: CLIMATE.
The
climate of Lagos state is the wet equatorial type due to its nearness
to the equator and the Gulf of Guinea. Lagos is located partly in the
swampy mangrove and partly rainforest regions of West Africa with annual
maxima bi-modal rainfall. It receives mean annual rainfall of about
2000mm (Ojo et al., 2004). Lagos has a tropical savannah climate that is
similar to that of the rest of southern Nigeria. There are two rainy
seasons, with heaviest rains falling from April to July and a weaker
rainy season in October and November. There is a brief relative dry
spell in August and a longer dry season from December to March. The
main dry season is accompanied by harmattan winds from the Sahara
Desert, which between December and early February can be quite strong.
Lagos state has consistently high temperatures, with the mean monthly
maximum temperature of about 30°C (Iwugo et al., 2003).
1.4.3: ECO-REGIONS AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF LAGOS STATE.
The
eco-regions of Lagos State and their features are summarized in Table
1. Wetlands and upland forest (Rainforest) are the dominant ecozones.
In fact, the state falls within the Tropical Rainforest zone, but the
vegetation cover in areas that are not built up is mostly a mosaic of
mangrove swamps, fresh water swamps, secondary forest, farmland and
fallow land. The topography is gently sloping throughout and the soils
are mostly deep and poorly drained (FDALR, 1995)
Table 1.4.3: Eco-regions of Lagos State and their Ecological Features
Eco-region
Geology
Topography
Soil features
Ecozone
Badagry, Ibeju-
Lekki, Ojo, Lagos
Island, Surulere,
Eti-Osa and areas
close to the coast
Deltaic basis
and tidal
flats
Nearly level
plains of 1-2 %
slope
Very
deep, poorly drained and moderately well drained soils; sandy, sandy
loamy or sandy clay loam surfaces over sandy clay, loam sub soils.
Wetland
Part of Ebutemetta,
Mushin
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