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Environmental Pollution And It's Associated Health Risk Among Residents Of Nkpor, Idemili North, Local Government Area Of Anambra State
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Pollution
is defined as the introduction into the environment of substances
harmful to humans and other living organisms. Pollutants are harmful
solids, liquids, or gases produced in higher than usual concentrations
that reduce the quality of our environment. Human activities have an
adverse effect on the environment by polluting the water we drink, the
air we breathe, and the soil in which plants grow. Although the
industrial revolution was a great success in terms of technology,
society, and the provision of multiple services, it also introduced the
production of huge quantities of pollutants emitted into the air that
are harmful to human health. Without any doubt, the global environmental
pollution is considered an international public health issue with
multiple facets. Social, economic, and legislative concerns and
lifestyle habits are related to this major problem. Clearly,
urbanization and industrialization are reaching unprecedented and
upsetting proportions worldwide in our era. Anthropogenic air pollution
is one of the biggest public health hazards worldwide, given that it
accounts for about 9 million deaths per year (Inyang, 1978).
Without a
doubt, all of the aforementioned are closely associated with climate
change, and in the event of danger, the consequences can be severe for
mankind (Vincent 2011). Climate changes and the effects of global
planetary warming seriously affect multiple ecosystems, causing problems
such as food safety issues, ice and iceberg melting, animal extinction,
and damage to plants
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Inyang, (1978)
points out that one of our era's greatest scourges is environmental
pollution, on account not only of its impact on climate change but also
its impact on public and individual health due to increasing morbidity
and mortality. There are many pollutants that are major factors in
disease in humans. Among them, Particulate Matter (PM), particles of
variable but very small diameter, penetrate the respiratory system via
inhalation, causing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases,
reproductive and central nervous system dysfunctions, and cancer
(Hagget, 1975). Despite the fact that ozone in the stratosphere plays a
protective role against ultraviolet irradiation, it is harmful when in
high concentration at ground level, also affecting the respiratory and
cardiovascular system. Furthermore, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide,
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) are all considered air pollutants that are harmful
to humans. Carbon monoxide can even provoke direct poisoning when
breathed in at high levels. Heavy metals such as lead, when absorbed
into the human body, can lead to direct poisoning or chronic
intoxication, depending on exposure. Diseases occurring from the
aforementioned substances include principally respiratory problems such
as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiolitis,
and also lung cancer, cardiovascular events, central nervous system
dysfunctions, and cutaneous diseases (Ayia, 2009). Last but not least,
climate change resulting from environmental pollution affects the
geographical distribution of many infectious diseases, as do natural
disasters. The only way to tackle this problem is through public
awareness coupled with a multidisciplinary approach by scientific
experts; national and international organizations must address the
emergence of this threat and propose sustainable solutions.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study was carried out to environmental pollution and it's associated health risk among residents of Nkpor, Idemili North, Local Government Area of Anambra State. Specifically, the study examined the knowledge of environmental Pollution among residents of Nkpor, Idemili North, Local Government Area of Anambra State, assessed the perception of environmental Pollution among residents of Nkpor, Idemili North, Local Government Area of Anambra State and, determined the associated health risks of ... Continue reading---
