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Evaluation Of The Physico Chemical An Sensory Properties Of Infant Food Produced From Maize, Soybean And Tiger Nut
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 background to the study
Infants
and young children suffer from malnutrition in most developing
countries. The growth of infant in the first and second year of life is
very rapid and breast milk alone cannot meet the child’s nutritional
requirements. The infant needs supplementary feeding starting from 46
months (Achinewhu, 1987; Ijarotimi and Famurewa, 2006). Many brands of
preparatory foods have been developed and marketed; however these brands
are too expensive and therefore are beyond the economics of low income
families. The high price of proprietary weaning food and animal proteins
combined with faulty feeding practices are mostly responsible for
aggravating malnutrition among children (Dutra-de –Olivera, 1991).
Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) generally occurs during the crucial
transitional phase when children are weaned from liquid to semi solid or
fully adult foods. Children therefore require nutritionally balanced
calorie-dense supplementary foods in addition to mother’s milk
(Berggren, 1982; Cameroon and Hafvander, 1971). Several studies have
reported that most of the weaning foods consumed by children in many
parts of developing nations are deficient in essential macro and micro
nutrients (Levin et al., 1993; Brabin and Coulter, 2003; Milward and
Jackson, 2004). In view of this nutritional problem, several strategies
have been used to formulate weaning food (Lalude and Fashakin, 2006;
Ijarotimi and Ashipa, 2006; Ijarotimi and Bakare, 2006) through a
combination of locally available under-ultilized food crops that
complement each other.
Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus) is an
underutilized readily available crop in Nigeria. It belongs to the
family of Cyperaceae, which produce rhizomes from the base and are
somewhat spherical. The tubers contain significant amount of protein,
fat, minerals and vitamins (Alobo and Ogbogo, 2007; Oladele and Aina,
2007). In addition, tigernut tubers could be used for the treatment of
flatulence, indigestion, diarrhea, dysentery and excessive thirst
(Chevallier, 1996). The use of such readily available underexploited
crop to complement with legumes such as soybeans in developing a simple
household low cost weaning food hold promise in alleviation of infant
malnutrition. The challenge therefore is to develop a nutrient dense
supplementary infant food from locally available underutilized crops
that could be adoptable at the household level.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of maize, soybean and tigernut based infant food that could be adoptable at house-hold level by rural dwellers.Randomized Study Design was adopted for the study: Soybean seeds were washed, soaked overnight, cooked, dehulled, dried and milled into flour to pass a 300µm sieve. Tigernut tubers were washed, soaked for 96h, dried and milled into flour (300µm). Three weaning foods; STF1 (Tigernut: 75%; soybean: 15%); STF2 (T ... Continue reading---
