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Effects Of Global Warming
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1.6.4 Vegetation
Abraka is located on the equatorial
rainforest which is evergreen forest and consist of three canopies of
trees which are, the upper layer of which is about 60m tall, middle
layer which is about 40m tall and the lower layer which is about 30m in
height. The three major vegetation types in Abraka includes; the
tropical rainforest belt, temperate grasslands and the grassland
vegetation remains one of the key important factor which affect the
climate of Abraka Region. Vegetation provides lumbering, medicinal
purpose of Abraka region. The high amount of rainfall in Abraka aids the
cultivation of crops like cassava and maize within the region. The
influence of man has reduced the forest mainly to secondary growth
(deciduous vegetation) due to agricultural practices and growing of
various cash and food crops. This has in turn prone the environment
direct sunlight which has resulted to intensive heating of the
environment causing global warning due to lack of trees to act as shade
and wind break.
The implication of these is that human
activities have reduced the vegetation of Abraka to a secondary
re-growth thereby exposing the environment to hazards such as intense
temperature rise, flooding erosion, etc. which have in turn affected the
inhabitants of Abraka through global warming effects.
1.6.5 Geology and Soils
Abraka
is predominantly underlying sedimentary rock. Abraka lies in southern
most sedimentary rock. Abraka lies in southern most sedimentary basis in
Nigeria.
Abraka soil is acidic in nature. Abraka soil
varies from coarse through medium to fine grained soils. The soils of
Abraka can be said to be sandy loam. The colour of the soil is greenish
brown to reddish brown and then to brown. The light grayish colouration
characterizes the entire sandy portion of the soil, while the reddish
brown colouration depicts the presence of ion oxide in the soil. This
colouration depicts the availability of mineral matters and moisture.
Abraka soil is poorly structured in relation to its type in terms of
grain size, pore spaces which greatly influences the rate of percolation
and capillarity, aeration and the rate of evaporation.
The
implication of these is that human activities have exposed the soil to
erosional activates and flooding making the soil inferity for
agricultural acuities, etc. which have in turn affected the inhabitants
of Abraka region who rely on farming for their source of livelihood.
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