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Causes And Consequences Of Child Trafficking As Expressed By Married, Adults
[A CASE STUDY OF SHAKI WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OYO STATE.] -
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Psychometric properties of the instrument
Validity of the instrument
Validity is described as the extent to which the instrument can be relied upon to do what it purports to do accurately (Olasehinde, 1995). Validity assess the relevance of the instrument to it purpose. Hassan (1995) defined validity as an indication of the extent to which a measuring instrument measure what it is supposed to measure. In the light of this, content validity of the instrument was thus ascertained by the researcher; the supervisor and three other lecturers in the department of counsellor education were implored to vet the questionnaire and useful suggestions made by then were strictly adhered to.
Reliability of the instrument
Oladele (1987) stated that reliability is the consistency stability and trustworthiness of a measuring instrument or scores obtained. That is, how far the same test would give the same result if it would be done again by the same pupils on different occasions or with different sets of equivalent items under the simple conditions.
To establish the reliability of the instrument, the test-retest method was adopted. The researcher administered the same instrument on the same group of twenty adult persons at an interval of four weeks. The two sets of score were computed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Co-efficient formula. The reliability co-efficient was 0.73 which indicates a positive correlation of the scores obtained during the two period of administration. In a nutshell, the reliability co-efficient showed that the instrument is reliable. However, those that participated in determine the reliability did not form part of main sample of study.
Procedure for Data Administration and Collection
The randomly selected adult persons in local government areas in Ilorin metropolis were personally administered the instrument to. The researcher administered the questionnaire directly on the respondents. Respondents were made to understand that the questionnaire is strictly confidential and are to be used purely for educational purpose only. The researcher collected the completed questionnaires personally from the respondents.
Procedure for scoring the instrument
The response to each item was scored as follows: -
Strongly Agree (SA) 4 points
Agree (A) 3 points
Disagree (D) 2 points
Strongly Disagreed (SD) 1 point
The likert type of scale score on a four (4) points (1 – 4) is considered appropriate for this instrument because, it gives respondents the opportunity to respond more freely to each of the items in the instrument.
The demographic section “A†of the instrument was scored using frequency counts and percentages. The responses were scored item by items. In section “Bâ€, there are 19 items to determine the causes of child trafficking. Item 1 to 19 were scored using 4 for strongly agree, 3 for agree, 2 for disagree and 1 for strongly disagree.
In section C, there are 10 items to determine the consequences of child trafficking, items 1 – 10 were scored using 4 points also for strongly agree, 3 for agree, 2 for disagree and 1 for strongly disagree.
Method of Data Analysis
Section A of the instrument was analysed using frequency counts and percentages.
The hypotheses were tested using t-test statistical method to compare the mean scores of two groups.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study investigated the causes and consequences of child trafficking as perceived married adults in Shaki West Local Government Area, Oyo State. A total of 220 questionnaire forms were administered to adult persons in Shaki West Local Government Area Oyo State. Frequency count, percentages and t-test methods were used to analyse demographic data of the respondents and test the null hypotheses respectively and Educational Qualification. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]APPENDIX UNIVERSITY OF ILORININSTITUTE OF EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHILD TRAFFICKING QUESTIONNAIRE (CACCTQ)Dear respondent, This questionnaire is designed to gather information from both married and unmarried adults in Shaki West Local Government Area, Oyo State on the causes and consequences of child trafficking. Kindly respond sincerely and carefully to the items in the questionnaire. Your responses will be treated with strict confidentiality. Thank you. Instru ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Distribution of respondents on the basis of Gender Table 2: Distribution of respondents on the basis of family type Table 3: Distribution of respondents on the basis of Religion Table 4: Distribution of respondents on the basis of Educational background Table 5: Item ranking of responses, on causes of child trafficking Table 6: Item ranking of responses on consequences of child trafficking Table 7: Means standa ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitle Page Approval Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of Contents List of Tables CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION Background to the Study Statement of the Problem Research Questions Research Hypotheses Significance of the study Operational Definition of Terms Scope of the Study CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATUREIntroduction Concepts of Child Trafficking Prevalence of Child Trafficking Causes of Child Trafficking Co ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]Trafficking of young girls for prostitution out of Nigeria has never been restricted to one geographical or ethnic area, but it is more province within a particular ethnic group that is Edo girls. For instance, Nigeria Ambassador to Italy wrote a letter to the Edo State House of Assembly to do something to stop their young girls from trooping out of the country to Italy for prostitution, which shows that if necessary actions are not taken by the Edo State government and the Federal government to ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]Trafficking in human beings is an abhorrent and worrying phenomenon involving coercive sexual scrintude. These practices constitute serious violations of the victims human rights are enshrined in international law and the EU charter on fundamental rights. Trafficking in human being (child trafficking) has been identified as a criminal activity increasingly penetrated by trans-National organized crime that generated substantial illicit proceeds often laundered and fed into illicit markets, with t ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 7 ]Hypotheses Testing In addition to demographic information and the distribution of variables, four (4) null hypotheses were tested using t-test set at 0.05 alpha of sign.Hypothesis One:There is no significant difference in the causes of child trafficking as perceived by adults in Shaki West Local Government Area, Oyo State on the basis of gender.Critical t-value is 1.96 which means that the calculated t-value is less than the critical-value. Though, hypothesis 1 was formulated with the assu ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]Hypothesis 2 stated that, there is no significant difference in the consequences of child trafficking as perceived by adults in Shaki West Local Government Area, Oyo State on the basis of gender. The result of the t-test used to analyse the data showed that the null hypothesis was accepted; both male and female respondents are similar in their perception of the consequences of child trafficking. The result agrees with the finding of Akinpelu and Yusuf (2004) where no significant difference e ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAjere .O. (1998), Predisposing factors and attitudes towards sex work by commercial sex workers in Ilorin metropolis. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Akinpelu, O.F. Yusuf, F.A. (2004). Factors Influencing trafficking of women for prostitution as perceived by students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State. The Counsellor. 20(1), 115-126. Beach, F.A. (1976). Hormonal control of sex-related behaviour. In F.A. Beach (Ed) Human Sexuality in ... Continue reading---
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study investigated the causes and consequences of child trafficking as perceived married adults in Shaki West Local Government Area, Oyo State. A total of 220 questionnaire forms were administered to adult persons in Shaki West Local Government Area Oyo State. Frequency count, percentages and t-test methods were used to analyse demographic data of the respondents and test the null hypotheses respectively and Educational Qualification. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha ... Continue reading---