Summary of the Reviewed of the Related Literature
Guidance and counselling is a helping professional, it is a moulding reconstruction and a rehabilitating process, it is a self-destructive tendencies. Its focus is on the individual is within the group. Guidance and counselling is only just being popularized both as a course of study and as a profession in Nigeria school system about a decade ago.
Guidance and counselling in Nigeria was traced bank to 1959 when some catholic sisters at St. There is College, Ibadan organized a formal career guidance service for their final year students. The programme produced positive results as all the girl involved were later successfully employed. The interest in student’s later life led to the formation of Ibadan career council with similar council in Lagos, Enugu, Kano and Kaduna. This later metamorphosized into the counselling association of Nigeria (CASSON). Nigeria has witnessed a remarkable growth in secondary school counselling in response to the increase recognition of the Nigeria adolescents developmental needs; problems and concerns. Primary school counselling on the other hand has been neglected.
There is however the need to provide primary school children with specialized assistance in terms of guidance considering the teeming population in the school consequent on the establishment of the Universal Primary Education (UPE). In 1976 and the Universal Primary Education in 1999, that apart, primary school children face a lot of development problems which hinder their intelligent, physical, social, emotional, moral and vocational growth. Since childhood is the first stage of these dimensions of development, it is logical to introduce guidance and counselling which aids the development of worth, dignity and maturity, at the primary school stage. Elementary school guidance and counselling programme should be a part of the total school programme to complement learning in the classrooms. Such a programme is child-centred, preventive and development in nature. Since Nigerian too is an aspiring developed country, primary school counselling in Nigeria has to be given the recognition it deserves. It’s status needs to be at par with secondary school counselling.