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Prevalence Of And Motivation For Drug Abuse  
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The immediate effects of smoking marijuana include increased heart rate, reddened eyes and increase feeling of well being. The hallucinogenic properties of marijuana may include enhancement of sensitivity to colour, sound patterns, texture and taste. The personal reaction time is showed and the ability to interprete what is seen takes a longer time than normal. Pollock, Candace and Charles (1979) listed the following behavioural effects of marijuana.
• Marijuana impair short term memory;
• Users over estimate the passage of time; and
• Users lose the ability to maintain attention to a task.
Damage of lungs, damage of immune system, a motivational syndrome, lung cancer are some of the long-term effects of marijuana use.
Narcotics
Medically, narcotics are used to relieve pain and induce sleep and are among the most dependence producing drugs. Narcotics can be sub-grouped into the natural, quasisynthetic and synthetic narcotic on the basis of origin.
Natural Narcotics: Naturally occurring substances derived from the oriental poppy plants includes opium (the primary psychoactive substance extracted from the oriental poppy), morphine the primary active ingredient in opium and the bane (a compound not used a drug). Morphine and related compounds have medical use as analgesic in the treatment of mild to severe pain.
Quansisynthetic Narcotics: Quasisynthetic narcotrics are compound created by chemical altering morphine. These laboratory produced drug are intended to be used as analgesic, but their benefits are largely out weighted by a high dependence rate and a great risk of toxicity (Durani, 2012). The best known of the quasisynthetic narcotic is heroin. Heroin comes from the dried milk of the opium poppy, also range from white to dark brown powder to a sticky, tar like substance. It is popularly known as house, smack, big H, junck and its being injected, smoked or inhaled ( if it is pure) (Merki, 1996).
Heroin given someone a burst of euphoric (high) feelings especially if its injected. This high is often followed by drowsiness, nausea, stomach cramps and vomiting. Users feel the need to take more heroins as soon as possible just to feel good again. Heroin ravages the body with long-term use. It is associated with chronic constipation, dry skin, scarred veins, and breathing problems. Users who inject heroin often have collapsed veins and put themselves at risk of getting deadly infections such as HIV/AIDS hepatitis B or C and bacteria inhalants.
Synthetic Narcotics: Meperidin (Demerol) and propoxyphene (Darvon), common postsurgical pain killers and methadone, the drug prescribed during the rehabilitation of heroin addicts, are synthetic narcotic. These opiate-like drugs are manufactured in medical laboratories. They are not natural narcotics or quasisynthetic narcotic because they do not originate from the oriental poppy plant (Pollock Candace & Charles, 1979). However, like true narcotics, these drugs can rapidly induce physical dependence.
Inhalants
Inhalants are a class of drug that includes a variety of volatile (quick evaporating) compounds that generally unpredictably produce drunk-like effects in users. They are substances that are sniffed or “huffed†to give the user an immediate rush or high. They include household product like glues paint thinners, dry cleaning fluid, gasoline, felt tip marker fluid, correction fluid, hair spray, aerosol deodorants and spray paints. Inhalants are breathed in directly from the original container (sniffed or snorting), from a plastic bag (bagging) or by holding an inhalant soaked rag in the mouth (huffing).
Inhalants make the user feel giddy and confused, as if he was drunk. Longtime users get headaches, nosebleed and may suffer loss of hearing and sense of smell. Inhalants are the most likely of abused substance to cause severe toxic reaction and death. Even it use can kill at one time (Durani, 2012).
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON>> CHECK OTHER PAGES ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONCOUNSELLOR EDUCATION DEPARTMENTPrevalence of and Motivation for Drug Abuse Questionnaire (PMDAQ)Dear Respondent, This instrument is designed to elicit information on the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Your sincere responses to each of the items will be highly appreciated as all information supplied will be treated with utmost confidentiality and be used strictly for the re ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Purpose of the Study The main purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, suggestion will be made on alternative activities that Nigeria youths can venture their time and energy aside drugs and roles of counsellors in preventing drug abuse among youths so that they may have a life of purpose and be self actualized.Significance of the StudyYouthful age has ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]Section B and C of the instrument contained 15 items each, the highest possible score any respondent can obtain is 60 (i.e 4 x 15), while the lowest possible score is 15 (i.e 1 x 15). Therefore, the range is 45 (i.e 60 – 15). The mid-point of range is 22.5 (i.e 45 ÷ 2). The cut-off point is therefore 60 – 22.5 (i.e maximum score minus the mid-point of the range) or 15 + 22.5 (i.e the minimum score plus (+) the mid of the range), in which either case is 37.5. Thus, if res ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]Summary of Findings Based on the result of the study, items 1, 6 and 4 were ranked as the top three on the prevalence of drug abuse while items 2, 1 and 3 were ranked the top on the motivation for drug abuse. The list ranked items on the prevalence of drug abuse are items 7 and 13, 12, and 2 while items 4, 8 and 11 features on motivation for drug abuse. However, eight hypotheses were postulated and all of them were accepted. Hence, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of, ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]Still on the basis of age, the hypothesis that there is significant difference in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions was accepted as no significant difference was found. It then indicates that respondents’ age has no influence in their motivation for drug abuse. Irrespective of their different age brackets, they tend to be motivated towards drug abuse by peer pressure, in order to work better and experiment how it works. The finding thus supports that of ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]REFERENCESAaron, K., Robert, L., Reische, D., Barbara, V., Waggoner, S. & Wagger, H.(1982). Understanding health. New Jersey: Random House Visual Education Corporation. Abdullahi, O. (1995). Typology of research. In S. Jimoh (ed). Methodology: An inter disciplinary approach. Ilorin: Unilorin Library and Publication.Akindelly, B. (2009). Causes, effects and control of drug abuse in society.Retrieved July 22, 2013 from. http://www.voices.yahoo.com/causes-effects-control-drug-abuse-society. ... Continue reading---
