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Prevalence Of And Motivation For Drug Abuse  
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Still on the basis of age, the hypothesis that there is significant difference in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions was accepted as no significant difference was found. It then indicates that respondents’ age has no influence in their motivation for drug abuse. Irrespective of their different age brackets, they tend to be motivated towards drug abuse by peer pressure, in order to work better and experiment how it works. The finding thus supports that of Igwe and Ojinnaka (2010) “mental health of adolescents who abuse psycho-active substances in Enugu, Nigeria: A cross sectional studyâ€. They found the prevalence of psychosocial dysfunction is higher in adolescents abusing substance compare to those who do not and that the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was not related to the age, gender or social classes.
There is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of religion. No significant difference was found thus, the hypothesis was accepted. It implies that in the three religions, drug abuse is prevalent among the adherents’ youths. This contradict the study of Engs and Kenneth (1999) that having a strong religious commitment was associated with less substance use and that heavy drinking and using tobacco was correlated with illicit drug use. The reason may be that religion (most especially Christianity and Islam) have specific teachings against any form of drug use and abuse.
On the other hand, no significant difference was also found in the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of religion. The hypothesis was accepted. Meaning that respondents’ religions influence not their motivations for drug abuse. The study is relevant to the findings of Mullen, Williams and Hunt (1996) that found persistent, but reduce effects for religion on substance abuse. However, Jessor and Jessor (1979) have suggested that person’s affiliated with religious groups that either formally or informally encourage abstinence from alcohol are more likely to be abstainers than person’s affiliated with no religious groups that are more permissive or liberated about drinking. Reasons for this according to them was ranged and varied from group pressure and a “selected out†process for Presbyterian religious group.
The hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the prevalence of drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of family type was accepted as no significant difference was found. This follows that the respondents, family type (monogamy or polygamy) has no influence in the prevalence of drug abuse among young people. It implies that family size does not determine drug abuse of a child. The finding negates that of Coleman (2010) when he discovered that family size contribute immensely to inability of the parents to control their children. Children without proper parental care and control are susceptible to drug abuse. The reason for respondents agreement on the basis of family type may be that the society has become a global word where children could be exposed to several other motivating factors that may induced them to drug abuse.
Finally, no significant difference was found in the motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of family type. Therefore, the hypothesis was accepted. This indicates that family does not differentiate the respondents’ motivation for drug abuse. This may result from the fact that many families today irrespective of the type are beset by crisis, poor relationship, divorce, little attention to children and poor parenting. The finding is in consonant with the study of Center for Suicide Research and Prevention and Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong (2011), “A Study of Drug Abuse among Youths and Family Relationships.†It was revealed that adolescents are affected by dysfunction families due to unstable family condition, low income and long working hours of family members, poor/ineffective communication between youths and their family.
Conclusion
The study investigated the prevalence and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. A high prevalence was found and peer pressure, to work better and to experiment how it works were the motivating factors for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions. Variables such as gender, age, religion and family type were hypothesized on the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse. It was discovered therefore, that no significant difference was found in the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions on the basis of gender, age, religion and family type.
Implications for Counseling Practices
The study has revealed a high prevalence of drug abuse and motivating factors of peer pressure, to work better and to experiment how drugs work. Therefore, drug abuse among youth should be prevented on controlled if the nation must produce disciplined and responsible leaders. This is a greater task in which the professional counsellors have a larger role to play. The school counsellors should at every educational level orientates and educates young people on the debilitating effects of drugs and benefits they will accrued should they abstain from it.
Counselling as intra and interpersonal communication has a goal of improving individual’s personal growth and maturity through personal values clarification and insight. Therefore, the counsellor has a role of assisting both the young ones and their parents on drugs abuse prevention by clarifying the misconception about the use of drugs and they may make informed choices about it.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT COMING SOON>> CHECK OTHER PAGES ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORINFACULTY OF EDUCATIONCOUNSELLOR EDUCATION DEPARTMENTPrevalence of and Motivation for Drug Abuse Questionnaire (PMDAQ)Dear Respondent, This instrument is designed to elicit information on the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Your sincere responses to each of the items will be highly appreciated as all information supplied will be treated with utmost confidentiality and be used strictly for the re ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Purpose of the Study The main purpose of this study is to find out the prevalence of, and motivation for drug abuse among students of tertiary institutions in Kwara State, Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, suggestion will be made on alternative activities that Nigeria youths can venture their time and energy aside drugs and roles of counsellors in preventing drug abuse among youths so that they may have a life of purpose and be self actualized.Significance of the StudyYouthful age has ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 14 ]Types of Alcohol BeveragesMoronkola and Otinwa (1999) listed the following types of alcohol beverages available in Nigeria: Wine, beer and distilled beverage. Wine: Wine is made from the fermented juice grapes or other fruits. It has a typical alcohol content of 10% to 14% by volume. There are five basic types of wines, red, white, rose and sparkling or champagne, containing carbon dioxide (all referred to as table wine) and desert for cocktail (with an alcohol content ranging from 15% to 24%.Be ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]Section B and C of the instrument contained 15 items each, the highest possible score any respondent can obtain is 60 (i.e 4 x 15), while the lowest possible score is 15 (i.e 1 x 15). Therefore, the range is 45 (i.e 60 – 15). The mid-point of range is 22.5 (i.e 45 ÷ 2). The cut-off point is therefore 60 – 22.5 (i.e maximum score minus the mid-point of the range) or 15 + 22.5 (i.e the minimum score plus (+) the mid of the range), in which either case is 37.5. Thus, if res ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 8 ]Summary of Findings Based on the result of the study, items 1, 6 and 4 were ranked as the top three on the prevalence of drug abuse while items 2, 1 and 3 were ranked the top on the motivation for drug abuse. The list ranked items on the prevalence of drug abuse are items 7 and 13, 12, and 2 while items 4, 8 and 11 features on motivation for drug abuse. However, eight hypotheses were postulated and all of them were accepted. Hence, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of, ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]REFERENCESAaron, K., Robert, L., Reische, D., Barbara, V., Waggoner, S. & Wagger, H.(1982). Understanding health. New Jersey: Random House Visual Education Corporation. Abdullahi, O. (1995). Typology of research. In S. Jimoh (ed). Methodology: An inter disciplinary approach. Ilorin: Unilorin Library and Publication.Akindelly, B. (2009). Causes, effects and control of drug abuse in society.Retrieved July 22, 2013 from. http://www.voices.yahoo.com/causes-effects-control-drug-abuse-society. ... Continue reading---
