Factors Responsible For Sexual Abuse As Expressed By Students Of Federal College Of Education, Osiele Abeokuta, Nigeria

CHAPTER TWO
 REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
Preamble
    Child sexual abuse is not a topic that makes people comfortable. Discussing child/Adolescent Sexual abuse, infact, remains a taboo even in this era of increasing openness about personal or gamily difficulties: while most Americans can understand, although not condone, how some forms of child abuse occur, it is almost impossible for them to consider the idea of sexual abuse. This is particularly true when the abuser is a parent or family member.
    Sexual abuse fuses those areas in which most people still experience discomfort: sexuality, power, gender domination, and the horrific exploitation of an innocent child. Sexual molestation, like so many forms of abuse, wounds not only its victim, it cuts through families and communities, destroying trust and the belief that something simply do not happen in an enlightened society. And yet they do. Almost a million children were identified as victims of substantiated or indicated abuse or neglecting 1996, according to the office of Child Abuse and Neglect (Formerly the National Centre on Child Abuse and Neglect), U.S. Department on Health and Human Services (DHHS). About 12 percent of those children were sexually abused. The figures of course, include only those incidents of abuse that were reported to, and investigated by child protection agencies. Despite the numbers, the Nation lives in denial. The results of this country’s refusal to confront the sexual molestation of children are staggering.
    The limited intervention and support typically given to youth survivors is compounded by the fact that they must deal with the trauma in a society that is reluctant to acknowledge that child sexual abuse even occurs. Psychologists, counsellors and social workers are greatly concerned about this problem (sexual abuse) and several questions have been raised as to the reasons for factors responsible for sexual abuse and its resultant effects. Divergent views have been expressed as regards the causes and effects of this major concern.
    Some other related literature on the factors responsible for sexual abuse as perceived by undergraduate students of Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta will be discussed under the following sub-headings.
-    Concept of adolescent
-    History and concept of sexual Abuse
-    Factors responsible for perpetration of Sexual Abuse
-    Effect of Sexual Abuse
-    Management of Sexual Abuse
-    Summary of the Review of Literature.
Concept of Adolescent
    Adelaja (1983) in the opinion asserted that modern day Nigerians have made sex one of the most discussed subjects and that out fore fathers pretended as though, sex does not exist by placing some taboos on it, whereas, present day Nigerians are of the assumptions that nothing exist other than sex.
    Until the early 1970’s child sexual abuse was thought to be rare, and centred among the poor. Experts now agree that Child/Adolescent Sexual abuse has always occurred and still exists in all socio-economic groups. Increased public awareness has led to greater reporting; from 1970 to 1990, child sexual abuse reports increased more than other categories of neglect or abuse.
    Sexual activities among some group of adolescents and youths in urban areas of Nigeria is not only high, but increasing (Oreseye and Odiabe, 1983, Hofman, 1984 and Gyepi, 1985). In that when one looks at what is happening on the street, clubs, campuses, etc. you will tend to realize that the females walking on the street (mostly youths) use some popular known half naked wears like “micro-mini” “spaghetti” etc. all because they want to be current with vogue in town. These clothes expose these ladies nudity and these me3dium is used to seduce the males and their men likewise, use what is called “body hug” which tightens their body and therefore exposes their muscles and this medium is used like wise to seduce female and by so doing. The rate of sexual harassment and involvement is not only high but increasing.