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Impact Of Broken Home On Academic Performance And Psychosocial Adjustment Of Secondary School Students
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In Nigeria, the
parental roles are culturally determined. Maternal role is that of
childcare and home making while the paternal role is that of economic
responsibilities and discipline of children. Generally, it is the
responsibility of the family, to train and bring up the child in the
norms and values of the society. They are to be responsible for the
psychological and emotional welfare of the child. The parents are mainly
responsible for the educational and career development of their
children. However, divorce and separation of various kinds or death of
one spouse may leave the role in the hands of a single parent. Single
parenting can be defined as a situation in which one of the two
individuals, involved in the conception of the child is being
responsible for the upbringing of the child Henslin (1985). The family
lays the foundation of education before the child goes to school and the
personality that the child takes to school is determined by the home
Maduewesi & Emenogu (1997). Fadeye (1985) in Salami & Alawode
(2000) pointed out that both parents have roles to in child education.
The father is to provide the necessary tools for the educational
advancement while the mother is supposed to supplement the father’s
efforts in this regard. When the father is absent and the mother is not
privileged enough to cater for all the basic needs as well as supervise
the academic performance of the child he/she (the child) will be
backward or withdrawn. The same thing occurs when the mother is absent
and the father is not privileged enough Ortese (1998).
A single
parent faces doubled responsibilities requiring time, attention and
money of the parent. Hence, less attention is paid to the psychological
well-being and education of the child. Children from single-parent homes
are commonly described as more hostile, aggressive, anxious, fearful,
hyperactive and distractible than children from intact families
Nwachukwu (1998). The concept of adjustment is associated with what may
be called living systems: system of organs, psychological systems or
personality systems, In the process of adjustment, forces are balanced
naturally within the system with forces originating from the
environment. The immediate goals of the process may be characterized
generally as a type of equilibrium with the system and in the
interaction of the system with the environment. Generally, adjustment
refers to an individual’s general adaptation to his environment aid the
demands of life such as the way he relates to other people that is
interpersonal behaviour, handles his responsibilities, deal with stress,
for example inadequacy in learning, growing up and meeting his own
needs and life satisfactions.
Adjustment is not a one way process in
which the individual conforms to the duties and requirement of others
but rather a two way process, for it is the ability to be oneself, hold
on to one’s own and make reality adapt itself to one’s requirement and
needs. It does not imply a state or condition of contentment or pure
mind. Since life is constantly changing, the ability to revise ones
attitude and behavior appropriately is essential ingredient of
adjustment. Psycho-social adjustment is easier when the individual is
educated & free from family conflicts. There are several issues an
individual needs to adjust to in life, academic, psychological,
social-life, marital life, job experience etc. For the adolescence
academic challenges & problem: from home are one of (he issues they
may need adjustment.
Secondary school students that are from broken
homes are likely not to perform well and are usually withdrawn, shy and
anti-social among their mates. The psychologists theorize that
individual who is emotionally healthy is the one who has learned to cope
effectively with himself and his environment since the environment is
in a constant state of flux and the adolescent is continuously
developing and changing; psychological effectiveness or good mental
health is an ongoing process and not static achievement. The term mental
health is really a description of behavior. If a person’s social and
personal behavior appears to be reasonably well integrated, he/she
appears to be reasonably happy. If the society approves of his/her
behavior, his/her means of coping therefore, with himself and his
environment may be more effective. Thus he/she may be psychologically
healthy or well adjusted (Mickelson, 2001). This study therefore seeks
to highlight and enumerate the impact of broken home on academic
performance and psychosocial adjustment of secondary school students in
Kosofe Local Government.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This study examined the impact of broken homes on academic performance and psychosocial adjustment of secondary school students in Kosofe Local Government Area of Lagos State. The descriptive survey design was used in this study. The research instrument used for this study was a questionnaire tagged (BHAP) which was adapted by the researcher. The population of this study covered the teachers in selected secondary schools at Kosofe Local Government, area Lagos State where data was collected using ... Continue reading---
