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Causes Of Unruly Behaviour Among The Secondary School Students
[A CASAE STUDY OFOYO EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO, OYO STATE]
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2.1.4 How to Manage Unruly Behaviour Among the Secondary School Students
Unruly behaviour are actions which conflict with the societal norms. It could also be referred to as the agreement of people in criminal offences, illegal, anti-social and unethical behaviour. Boyd(2015) reported that a lot of youths are involved in the use of tobacco, amphetamines, barbiturates and heroine. Idris(2000) affirmed that there is an increase in the rate of moral decadence among youths as a result of the lack of discipline. Such unruly behaviour acts among students have culminated in juvenile delinquency. Many researchers have identified some causes of unruly behaviour among the secondary school students.
The home is an agent of socialisation. This is the place where the value and morals are transmitted. The poor moral conduct of parents can result in broken homes which negatively influences the students behaviour. According to Goode(2007) many parents have lost their leadership roles in the home and poor home training causes students to engage in unruly behaviour. On the other hand, Gbadamosi(2003) observed that the causes of unruly behaviour are linked to faulty curriculum plans, administrative deficiency, inadequate school facilities, harsh school rules and societal problems. Individual differences in personality and psychological problems encountered by students are believed to be some of the reasons some in-school adolescents engage in unruly behaviours. Many of these students cope with their problems by getting involved in behaviours like vandalism, stealing, involvement in illicit sex activities, drug abuse. All these risky behaviours negatively affect public order and the sense of safety of youths(Ibrahim,2012).
Unruly behaviour in the classroom increases the stress level of teachers and at the same time change theclassroom dynamics. The use of the psychological principles are the various ways in which unruly behaviours are managed in schools. This approach is based on some systematic application psychological principles. Behavioural modification can simply be defined as the systematic application of principles derived from learning theories and experience in psychology (Asoniare2004, 2016). The techniques are used in extinguishing unwanted behaviour and at the same time helping to increase existing positive behaviours. In extinguishing unwanted unruly behaviour among in-school adolescents, there are many strategies that can be employed. The behavioural approach is based on the assumption that negative behaviour can be unlearned and replaced with positive ones (Esere, 2012). In- schools, Counsellors use different behavioural modification techniques in managing unruly behaviour.
The use of reinforcement can help curb undesired behaviour among school children. Winkielman(2005) defines reinforcement as a stimulus that strengthens behaviour and increases the frequency of its occurrence. It involves reinforcing ones positive response which in turn blocks the appearance of undesirable behaviours.
There are different types of reinforcement, these are intrinsic reinforcement (that is when a behaviour is strengthened by itself example eating and playing music ),extrinsic reinforcement (this is when the behaviour is strengthened by external consequences), primary reinforcement (things that are important to life such as food, water) and secondary reinforcement( likemoney and praise). Counsellor help in improving students’ behaviour by also using some certain verbal reinforcement principles. The counsellor can praise those who obey rules and regulations, thereby ignoring those that are found guilty. Psychologists affirmed that the use of reinforcement helps to provide an explicit model of what is expected among in-school adolescents (Asoniare, 2016). Okobiah and Okorodudu(2006) noted that unruly behaviour can persist if only verbal reinforcement strategy in classroom instruction promotes academic achievement. Other strategies for behaviour modification include;
1. Premark principles :this can also be called “grandma’s ruleâ€. This is when the counsellor uses preferred behaviour to reinforce less preferred activity.
2. Token economy: this is when positive behaviour is reinforced with an exchange for goals.
3. Contracting behaviour contract is a negotiated agreement between two parties. In signing this contract (Alao, 2000). The reward is carried out immediately the counsellor observes the positive change.
4. Punishment can also be used in reducing unruly behaviour. Punishment refers to the used of aversive stimuli to decrease undesirable behaviour. This is often used when all other techniques have failed. There are two types of punishment positive punishment(when the counsellor applies aversive consequences like kneeling down and flogging)and negative punishment (this involves the withdrawal of certain privileges)(Asonibar, 2004).Adesina, (2014) explains that punishment must be reattribute, it should serve as a derrent and must be reformative. Punishment should be applied immediately after a negative behaviour. Other forms of punishment are;
1. Satiation: this is a way in which the counsellor allows the student to continue with negative behaviour until they are tired of doing it. For example a child who likes stealing students’ underwear in the hostel can be helped by encouraging the parents to buy more than enough underwear for the student off (Alao,2000).
2. Reprimand: this is when a student is rebuked for misbehaviour soft, private reprimands are done quietly while a loud public reprimand is when the counsellor or the teacher speaks to the offenders loudly in the presence of others.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT IS COMING SOON ... Continue reading---
QUESTIONNAIRE - [ Total Page(s): 15 ]UNIVERSITY OF ILORININSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONQUESTIONNAIRE ON CAUSES OF UNRULY BEHAVIOUR AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS I, Rahmon Muinat Adenike student of the above institution from the Department of Guidance and Counselling Education with Matric No:14/67QR200. Therefore, using this questionnaire to assess the causes of unruly behaviour among secondary school students. This is partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) Degree in Guidance and Counselling ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]It is viewed as a violation of a formal or informal rule including serious criminal acts or flagrant disregard for conventional standards of approved behaviour, as well as more private and momentary oppositional and hurt acts. The readiness or willingness of an individual to demonstrate decent and decorous conduct, respect for authority, high sense of responsibility, love for orderlies, eagerness to discharge duties with promptitude and efficiency makes an individual a ‘normal person†... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER THREE This chapter discusses the procedure that would be followed in carrying out this study under the following sub-headings:a) Research design b) Populations of the study c) Sample and Sampling technique d) Research Instrument e) Validity and reliability of the Instrument f) Procedure for Data Collectiong) Data Analysis Techniques3.1 Research Design The study uses a survey research method, survey is non-experimental d ... Continue reading---
