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Perception Of Secondary School Students In Ilorin Metropolis On Causes Of Delinquent Behaviour
[A CASE STUDY OF IN ILORIN METROPOLIS]
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CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
Preamble
The literature review is based on the submission and opinion of writers, scholars and researcher on delinquent behaviour of students under the following sub-headings are reviewed:
- Definition of delinquent behaviour
- Types of delinquent
- Causes of delinquent behaviour
- Management of delinquent
- Summary of the review of related literature
Definition of Delinquent Behaviour
Delinquent as a concept is subject to many definitions. The word “Delinquency†means repeated act a kind which when committed by a person beyond the statutory age 18 is punishable as crime.
Heroitle and Junkins defined delinquents as the action or reaction of a person to internal or external behaviour e.g. failing to do what a law or duty requires, a person who neglects to do what the law requires. It is also an anti-social illegal behaviour by children or adolescent. A juvenile delinquent is one who repeatedly commits crime.
Anusiem (1987:73), defined “that term juvenile delinquency as the term used to refer to young person between 16 to 18 years age who exhibit behaviour which is not consistent with law, that is, punishable by law if committed by adults†with the above juvenile delinquency refer to breaking of law by non-adult. One is regarded as a minor it he she not more than 18years of age, and as such is regarded as not having researched the age to take responsibilities for his action, hence he is not arranged before the law court for such offences rather he/she is brought to what is juvenile court.
Iwuama (1991), described delinquency as the anti-tendencies in man, while behaviour is regarded as any activity of any organism which is either overt or covert. Over behaviour is one which can be observed and its frequency recorded e.g. talking aloud, laughing etc. which covert is the behaviour which cannot be measured e.g. thinking, feeling etc. Delinquent behaviour can be seen as in appropriate behaviour which can be organic, hereditary, psychological etc.
In addition, Onyejiaku (1991:166) pointed out the legal dimension of delinquency by writing that it “consists of behaviour by non adults which violates specific legal norms or standards of a particular social group with such frequency or seriousness that the delinquent individuals are maked by the society as bed and dubious characters.
In the above definition which is more or a legal perspective, delinquency refers to behaviour of non-adult individuals in the society which are judged by the society as bed. Juveniles are still committing delinquent acts. These acts if not checked will get to unmanageable level and the society will be loosing and living in fears.
Types of Delinquent Behaviours
The classification of delinquent behaviours is based on research results aimed to grouping delinquents into types. By implication many types of delinquents were discernable. The three types that tend to enjoy near universal acceptance are as follow:
- Unsocialized Delinquency
- Psychopathically Delinquent
- Socialized – Subculture delinquency and
- Neurotic delinquent
1. Unsocialized:- psychopathic delinquent was distinguished by such a behaviour as aggressive, assaultive and impulsive define of authority, malicious mischief and inadequate guilt feelings, starts fight of ten, lacks family ties. Sarason (2003), said that “he has much weaker moral and his antisocial behaviour is less expectable in terms of environmental pressuresâ€. This psychopathic delinquent act often violet; the offender has no ability to test reality, control, personal impulses and use good judgment to guide his behaviour.
The unsocialized aggressive people were found to have a background of family instability and over the parent rejection from birth or infancy. They are unable to control behaviour in a legal acceptable way because they have serve emotional maladjustment. They have one thing in common. They do not profit from their behaviour but release from an uncontrollable impulse.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study examined perception of secondary school students in Ilorin metropolis on the causes of delinquent behaviours. The population of the study consisted of all secondary school students in Ilorin metropolis. Two hundred (200) respondents were randomly selected from the population, which include 100 J.S.S students and 100 S.S.S students. The instrument used for the study was a structured questionnaire with fifteen (15) items. The results of the study revealed t ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIX UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF COUNSELLOR EDUCATIONDear Respondent, This research instrument is investigating secondary school students perception of the causes of delinquent behaviour in Ilorin metropolis. Your responses will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Your sincere response is required. Thanks for your co-operation. SECTION A: Personal Data Please tick the follow column that represent your personal information. Religion: Islam ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Distribution of the Respondents by Gender Table 2: Distribution of the Respondents by Religion Table 3: Distribution of Respondents by Class Level Table 4: Distribution of Respondents by Age Table 5: Items Ranking on Perception of Causes of Delinquent Behaviour Table 6: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on perception of secondary school students on causes of delinquent behaviour on the basis of age Table 7: Duncan Mult ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle Page Approval Page Dedication Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Tables Abstract CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTIONBackground to the Study Statement of the Problem Research Questions Research Hypotheses Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Operational Definition of Terms Scope of the Study CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREPreamble Definition of Delinquent Behaviour Types of Delinquent ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTIONBackground to the Study Every society wants its members to be well behaved and crime free, but seems to elude most societies, irrespective of age, sex, class level etc. One type or the other crimes are being committed. However, the general belief is that crime rate is more among the adolescent. These types of crimes are referred to as delinquent acts. Therefore, According to Helen (2001) delinquency means repeated act of a kind which when committed by a person ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER THREEMETHODOLOGY Preamble This chapter deals with the methodology used in the study, such as research design, population of the study, instrument for data collection sample and sampling technique, validity of the instrument, reliability of the instrument, procedure for data collection, method of data analysis. Research Design The research design adopted for this work is the descriptive survey design. This design was used to find out secondary school students perception of ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Test of Hypotheses In this study four (4) hypotheses were tested and presented below: Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the perception of secondary school students on causes of delinquent behaviour on the basis of age. Table 6 shows analysis of variance (ANOVA) on perception of secondary school students on causes of delinquent behaviour on the basis of age. The table shows that the calculate f-ratio of 7.316 is greater than the table value of 3.00 at 0.05 alpha leve ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]Recommendation In light of the above findings, the following recommendations were made: - Government should implement sanctions on students who engage in deviant behaviours by disrupting the peace of the school. - School counsellors and principals should work hand in hand to implement counselling services that will help in reducing delinquent behaviour.- Parents should also devote more time to the upbringing of their children. - Religion institutions should also pa ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAbiodun, A. (2002). Curbing examination malpractice. Thisday. p.23. Anijue, A.O. (1994). Principles of behaviour modification. Enugu: Johnman Press. Anusiem, A.U. (1987). Introduction to adolescence behaviour. Owerri: Loveday Press.Barclay and Martin (2001). Causes, effects and treatment of delinquency. New York: Prentice Hall Inc. Bernneth, D.C. and Daiton, J.C. (2001). Why college student cheat. Journal of College students personal. Carson and Butcher (992). Delinquent behaviour. New ... Continue reading---
