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Influence Of Birth Order And Gender On Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
[A CASE STUDY OF OFFA LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF KWARA STATE] -
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CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Introduction
This chapter deals with the procedure for conducting the study. It explains the research design, sample and sampling procedure instrumentation procedure for data collection and administration validity, reliability of the instrument and method of data analysis.
Research Design
The research design adopted for the study is the descriptive survey, because of its relevance to the study; the approach has added advantage of saving time through the use of questionnaire and increased accessibility to a large population.
This study was designed to investigate the influence of birth order and gender on students’ academic achievement in Offa Kwara State with a view of helping the unachieved students.
Cook la-Fleur (1975) defined descriptive survey as primarily the research procedure by which a research answers they what exists type of question. That is descriptive survey design entails the collection of the data that essentially describe accurately and objectively the ways things are presently.
Hassan (1995) noted that descriptive survey represents an attempt to provide accurate description or picture of a particular situation or phenomenon at one or more points in time. It has the advantage of wide scope. Since a great deal information can be obtained from a large population.
Sample and Sampling Procedure
The population for this study comprises secondary school teachers in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, however because of constraints the research selected one hundred and fifty (150) respondents using the simple random sampling technique. In doing this the researcher selected ten (10) secondary schools in Offa Local Government Area out of which fifteen (15) respondents were selected randomly from each of the selected schools.
The simple random sampling technique is a procedure which gives every member of a targeted population an equal chance of being selected for a study.
Instrumentation
The instrument to be used in this research is a questionnaire designed by the researcher and tagged “Factors Influencing Students Academic Achievement/Performance Questionnaire (FISAPO)â€. The items in the questionnaire were obtained through the review of the related literature and research questions.
The questionnaire has two sections information of the respondents. It includes variables like Gender, Marital Status, Years of Experience, Age and Religion. Students/Teachers are expected to respond by putting a tick (√) against the provided columns as applicable to them while section B contains twenty (20) items on the influence of birth order and gender on students academic performance.
Procedure for Scoring
The instrument was scored on a fair point likert-type scale with points alloted as follows:
Strongly Agree - 4 points
Agree - 3 points
Disagree - 2 points
Strongly Disagree - 1 point
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of birth order and gender on academic achievement of secondary students in Offa Local Government of Kwara State. The study became relevant due to the high rate of failure in our secondary schools. The data were obtained from 150 respondents using the simple random sample technique. In doing this the researcher selected ten (10) secondary school in Offa Local Government Area out of which fifteen (15) respondents were selected schools. While dat ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIXUNIVERSITY OF ILORIN INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION INFLUENCE OF BIRTH ORDER AND GENDER ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE QUESTIONNAIRE (IBOGAPQ)Dear Respondent, This questionnaire is designed to investigate the influence of birthorder and gender on academic achievement of secondary school students in Ilorin metropolis. The study is for educational purpose only and therefore any response given will be treated with utmost confidentiality. SECTION A: (PERSONAL INFORMATION). Please tick ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Distribution of Respondents by Gender, Age, Marital Status, Year of Experience and Religion Table 2: Means and Rank Order of Responses to the Items on the Influence of Birth Order and Gender on Students Academic Achievement Table 3: Mean, Standard Deviation and t-value of Respondents on the factors influencing child’s academic performance on the basis of gender Table 4: ANOVA Result on the factor Influencing Child’s Academi ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle Page Approval Page Dedication Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Tables Abstract CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Background to the Study Statement of the Problem Research Questions Research Hypotheses Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Operational Definition of Terms Scope of the Study CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction Concept of Academic Failure Factors Responsible for Academic Failure Concept of Pred ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTIONBackground of the Study Without exception you are one of the followings: the oldest or the youngest or named after some relation who has passed away. Alfred Adler (2006) said that birth order influences personality. He argued that birth can leave an indelible impression on an individual is style of life, which is one’s habitual way of dealing with the task of friendship love and work. According Adler, Firstborns are “dethroned†when a seco ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]The parents The parents being the closest link to the child at birth especially the mother tends to create a conducive environment for the child which involves feeling of safety, sense of belongings and some degree of freedom. Duntoye (2002) established the planning which make them to bit more than what they can show. The economic strength of parents determines how they can help the child in the academic achievement in life. Bukoye (2002) emphasized that parent ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Summary of the Findings The analysis of data on the study of influence of birth order and gender on students’ achievement of secondary schools in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State revealed that mistakes of the other sibling is the major factor influencing students academic achievement and performance. This is followed by inability of the parents to meet the needs of their children. This also influences the students academic achievement. Equally, the res ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]Conclusion Based on the results of the various analysis in the study, the study came up with the following conclusion: Factors that influence students’ academic performance and achievement are mistakes of other sibling, inability of the parent to meet the needs of their children; gender and birth order. Lack of guidance from older siblings and parental separation and neglect. Also, the findings revealed that there were no significant relationship in the influence o ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAdana, B.S. (1998). The school guidance programme. Guidance and Counselling in Education. INDEMAC (NIG) Publishers Limited, Ilorin. Addido, E.O. (1989). Effect of family types on academic performance of secondary school students in Ndoka Local Government Area of Bendel State. Unpublished M.Ed Dissertation, University of Ilorin, Ilorin. Adegbite, A.S. (1991). Parents’ attributions of students’ success and failure and academic performance of selected secondary school in I ... Continue reading---
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of birth order and gender on academic achievement of secondary students in Offa Local Government of Kwara State. The study became relevant due to the high rate of failure in our secondary schools. The data were obtained from 150 respondents using the simple random sample technique. In doing this the researcher selected ten (10) secondary school in Offa Local Government Area out of which fifteen (15) respondents were selected schools. While dat ... Continue reading---