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Influence Of Birth Order And Gender On Academic Achievement Of Secondary School Students
[A CASE STUDY OF OFFA LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF KWARA STATE]
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Item 14 which stated that family problem can influence the child’s
academic performance is ranked 5th. This finding is in line with the
finding of Leoma (1982) who found out that parental neglect, separation
and divorce negatively affect students’ academic achievement and
performance. According to him, relationship of birth order and
creativity, first borns and configurations of oldest and only children
are significantly more creative on verbal test of creativity than later
born. This, according to him, is as a result of family problems.
On the other hand, item 18 which stated calories intake of the child
can influence his/her academic achievement is ranked 19th. This implies
that it, is the least factor influencing students academic performance.
This finding is not in line the finding of Heller (2008) who found that
students reporting increased diet quality were significantly less likely
to fail the literacy assessment. Relative to students in the lowest DQI
– I fertile, students in the second and third fertile were 26 percent
and 41 percent less likely to fail. In particular, students with an
increased fruit and vegetable intake of fat were significantly less
likely to fail the assessment. Dietary fat intake was also demonstrated
as important to academic performance (Michelle, 2008).
This is
closely followed by item 20 which stated that misplacement of priority
of the child can affect his/her academic achievement. This, according to
this study, is another least factor influencing students’ academic
performance. This finding is in line with the finding of Nwafor and Ango
(1988) who, found no correlation between misplacement of priority of
the child and academic achievement. However, Tenibiaje (2002) found a
correlation between misplacement of priority of the child and academic
performance and achievement in his study.
Danbonyi (2002) stated
that, it is better for a researcher to discuss his/her findings on the
basis of each hypothesis. Thus, the present study presents the results
of each null hypothesis tested while conducting the investigation. The
t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics were adopted to
analyse the hypotheses.
Hypothesis one stated that there is no
significant difference in the influence of birth order and gender on
students’ academic achievement as perceived by respondents on the basis
of gender. The result of the analysis revealed that the hypothesis was
accepted, that is, there was no significant difference in the influence
of birth order and gender on students’ academic achievement as perceived
by respondents on the basis of gender. This agrees with the finding of
Spears (1982) who found no relationship between gender and academic
performance. However, Jacob’s (2002) finding disagrees with this.
According to Jacobs (2002), there is a correlation between gender and
academic performance.
Hypothesis two stated that there is no
significant difference in the influence of birth order and gender on
students’ academic achievement on the basis of age. The result of the
analysis revealed that the hypothesis was accepted. This implies that
there is no significant difference in the influence of birth order and
gender on students’ academic achievement on the basis of age. This
finding disagrees with the finding of Spears (1982) who found a
correlation between age of a child and intelligence in his study.
However, Powell and Steelman (1993) and Van Ejick and DeGraa’s (1995)
finding support this present finding. They found no relationship between
a child’s age and intelligence in their study.
Hypothesis
three stated that there is no significant difference in the influence of
birth order and gender on students’ academic achievement as perceived
by respondents on the basis of marital status. The results of the
analysis revealed that a null hypothesis was accepted. Thus, there was
no significant difference in the influence of birth order and gender on
students’ academic achievement as perceived by respondents on the basis
of marital status. This finding is supported by the finding of Booth and
Kee (2008) who found no correlation between marital status and
students’ academic performance.
Hypothesis four stated that
there is no significant difference in the influence of birth order and
gender on students’ academic achievement as perceived by respondents on
the basis of years of experience. The results of the analysis revealed
that a null hypothesis was accepted. Thus, there was no significant
difference in the influence of birth order and gender on students’
academic achievement as perceived by respondents on the basis years of
experience. This finding is in line with the finding of Kessler (1991)
and Olneck and Bills (1979) who found no correlation between years and
experience and students’ academic performance and achievement.
Hypothesis five stated that there is no significant difference in the
influence of birth order and gender on students’ academic achievement as
perceived by respondents on the basis of religion. The result of the
analysis shows that the null hypothesis is accepted. This shows that
there is no significant difference in the influence of birth order and
gender on students’ academic achievement as perceived by respondents on
the basis of religion. This is in line with the finding of Behrman and
Taubman (1986). Hauser and Sewell (1985); Zajonc and Markus (1975) who
found no correlation between religion and academic performance.
Kwara
State.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of birth order and gender on academic achievement of secondary students in Offa Local Government of Kwara State. The study became relevant due to the high rate of failure in our secondary schools. The data were obtained from 150 respondents using the simple random sample technique. In doing this the researcher selected ten (10) secondary school in Offa Local Government Area out of which fifteen (15) respondents were selected schools. While dat ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]APPENDIXUNIVERSITY OF ILORIN INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION INFLUENCE OF BIRTH ORDER AND GENDER ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE QUESTIONNAIRE (IBOGAPQ)Dear Respondent, This questionnaire is designed to investigate the influence of birthorder and gender on academic achievement of secondary school students in Ilorin metropolis. The study is for educational purpose only and therefore any response given will be treated with utmost confidentiality. SECTION A: (PERSONAL INFORMATION). Please tick ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Distribution of Respondents by Gender, Age, Marital Status, Year of Experience and Religion Table 2: Means and Rank Order of Responses to the Items on the Influence of Birth Order and Gender on Students Academic Achievement Table 3: Mean, Standard Deviation and t-value of Respondents on the factors influencing child’s academic performance on the basis of gender Table 4: ANOVA Result on the factor Influencing Child’s Academi ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle Page Approval Page Dedication Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Tables Abstract CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Background to the Study Statement of the Problem Research Questions Research Hypotheses Purpose of the Study Significance of the Study Operational Definition of Terms Scope of the Study CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Introduction Concept of Academic Failure Factors Responsible for Academic Failure Concept of Pred ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTIONBackground of the Study Without exception you are one of the followings: the oldest or the youngest or named after some relation who has passed away. Alfred Adler (2006) said that birth order influences personality. He argued that birth can leave an indelible impression on an individual is style of life, which is one’s habitual way of dealing with the task of friendship love and work. According Adler, Firstborns are “dethroned†when a seco ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]The parents
The parents being the closest link to the child at birth especially
the mother tends to create a conducive environment for the child which
involves feeling of safety, sense of belongings and some degree of
freedom. Duntoye (2002) established the planning which make them
to bit more than what they can show. The economic strength of parents
determines how they can help the child in the academic achievement in
life. Bukoye (2002) emphasized that parent ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]Pilot Study To determine the usability of the instrument questionnaire for this
research was first administered to a group of forty (40) students that
represent the population of interest. The respondents responded to the
questionnaire and areas of difficulty were resolved. They were able to
respond to the items with little or no difficulty. Validity of the Instrument
When an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure, it can be
described as being valid. To ascertain t ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 6 ]Summary of the Findings The analysis of data on the study of
influence of birth order and gender on students’ achievement of
secondary schools in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State revealed
that mistakes of the other sibling is the major factor influencing
students academic achievement and performance. This is followed by
inability of the parents to meet the needs of their children. This also
influences the students academic achievement. Equally, the
res ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAdana, B.S. (1998). The school guidance programme. Guidance and Counselling in Education. INDEMAC (NIG) Publishers Limited, Ilorin. Addido, E.O. (1989). Effect of family types on academic performance of secondary school students in Ndoka Local Government Area of Bendel State. Unpublished M.Ed Dissertation, University of Ilorin, Ilorin. Adegbite, A.S. (1991). Parents’ attributions of students’ success and failure and academic performance of selected secondary school in I ... Continue reading---
