Climate Change And Political Conflict In Africa: Focus On Migration And Refugees In The Continent

1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 

H0: there is no link between climate change, migration, governance and security threats in Africa.

H1:there is a link between climate change, migration, governance and security threats in Africa.

H0:there is no significant relationship between climate change, migration and political conflict in Africa.

H2:there is a significant relationship between climate change, migration and political conflict in Africa.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 

It is expected that at the end of the study the findings will provide much needed inputs on the adverse effects of climate change, migration and political conflicts to policy makers, planners and institutions of learning too. Specifically; the findings will be of immense benefit to United Nation Frame Work Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as it will help in checkmating lapses and disasters caused by companies operating in the region. The study will help to educate the mind of every individuals, policy makers and the government to see the need to formulate policies for integrated rural development to check rural-urban drift in our society. To the United Nations and other African communities in tackling the problems that force people to leave their region, and so bridging the development gap and increasing the rate of climate change and political conflicts in Africa. Finally, the findings will be of importance to researchers/students intending to work on related topics on climate change and political conflict. 

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 

The scope of this study centers on the impact of climate change and migration on political conflict, particularly the kind of migration that we are principally interested in in this study is migration from one continent to another, which is the movement of people from country side to another country side. The researcher encountered some constraint in the course of the study which include: 

Time factor: The time allocated to the researcher during the period of the study was limited coupled with lectures and exams. 

Financial constraint: the finance at the disposal of the researcher during the course of the study wasn’t sufficient enough to run the expenses of the research work.  

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Climate change: Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time (i.e., decades to millions of years). Climate change may refer to a change in average weather conditions, or in the time variation of weather around longer-term average conditions (i.e., more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change is caused by factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics, and volcanic eruptions. Certain human activities have been identified as primary causes of ongoing climate change, often referred to as global warming.

Political conflict: A political conflict is a positional difference regarding values relevant to a society - the conflict items - between at least two decisive and directly involved actors, which is being carried out using observable and interrelated conflict means that lie beyond established regulatory procedures and threaten a core. 

Migration: This means the movement of people from one place to another. Teriba (1982) sees migration as the movement of people from one civil division to another. 

Settlement: This is a place where people live.

Emigration: It is the movement of people out of a country.

Immigrant: These are people that move into a country.

Emigrants: These are people that engage in the movement out of a country.

1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), statement of problem, objectives of the study, research question, significance or the study, research methodology, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlight the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.