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Aspects Of Gunganci Morphology
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Festivals
They celebrates the Idembe festival (Millet
festival) and Anipo festival. During the festival animal blood like goat
or bush meat are sacrifice to their high god called ‘Ujigo’ – god of
thunder.
Religions
Most of the Gúngáncà speakers are Muslims about 70% are Muslim, 30% traditional and less than 1% are Christian.
Burial Practice
Corpse are laid bare naked into the ground both youth and old. They are covered with leaves like other tribes do.
Aged people are celebrated and young people are mourned sudden or
unusual deaths are investigated, an oracle is consulted for the cause of
the death. The killer is killed by the deceased spirit. Oracle
Consulted is ÚjÃgó. This practice is peculiar with old indigenous
Gúngáwá people.
Political System and Administration
They adopted the emirate system like the Hausas because Yà úrà is a
multiethnic area consisting of Lopa, Laru, Gùngáwá, Yà úrà Kambari,
Dukkanchi peoples that coexist with them.
The palace of
the Emir is in Yelwa (The Gùngáwá are the first settlers in Yà úrÃ).
The British colonization gave the recognition of Yà úrà Emirate and Gungu
(Island) district of Yà úrà Local Government is now the centre of
Gùngáwá population.
Succession is not by heredity, the Emir is appointed (although, the first Emir of Yà úrà is Gùngáwá).
The Emir to be must be elderly, famous and respected among the ethnic
groups that made up Yà úrà and turbaning is done for the new Emir with
celebration and plenty búrúkútú.
The Emir rules the
territory with local chiefs called “Sariki†in areas like Toro, Banha,
Zamari, Rekubolo, Jalabubu, Gungunsariki etc.
However,
Local Government Chairman has been holding the executive function of the
Yà úrà area now and other Governmental works are executed by the Kebbi
State Government.
Most Gùngáwá people are bilingual in
Gúngáncà and Hausa but majority speaks Hausa (especially the Youths) at
home only the few old people at home speaks Gúngáncà living the
status of the language to be endangered.
The language of the emirate is Hausa with high prestige.
Language Use
1. Youth use Hausa rather than Gúngáncà .
2. Educated people prefer Hausa to Gúngáncà .
3. Muslim clerics encourage the use of Hausa than Gúngáncà .
4. Parent do not use Gúngáncà more frequent as before so children pick Hausa than Gúngáncà .
5. Peer group use more Hausa in their conversation discussions, marketing etc.
Language Attitude
Before we left the people, many of them consider a change of attitude
many are encouraged and started using their language to their children
many are asking for literacy books and classes for their villages, most
of the Youths are happy to be called Bárà she unlike before and hoping
start a literacy classes if books are provided.
1.5 Genetic Classification of Gúngáncà Language
Gúngáncà belongs to the Niger Congo language family which is a
constituent of the Niger Kordofinia phylum. It also consists of a single
group of two languages.
These are shown on the tree diagram below:
AFRO ASIATIC NIGER KORDOFINIA NILOSAHARAN KHOISAN
Genetic Classification of Gúngáncà language based on Ross Jones Classification (1992)
1.6 Scope and Organization of Study
This research work is organized into five chapters. It is an attempt to
describe the morphological aspect of Gúngáncà language.
Chapter
one consist of the general background of the Gúngáncà speakers,
historical background, socio-cultural background, genetic
classification, scope and organization of study, theoretical framework,
data collection, data analysis, and brief review of the chosen frame
work.
Chapter two presents basic phonological and
morphological concepts of GúngáncÃ. That is, morphology, morphemes types
of morphemes, language typologies, structural position of morpheme etc.
Chapter three centers on the morphology of Gúngáncà language.
Chapter four centres on morphological processes or word formation processes in Gúngáncà language.
Chapter five will include summary, conclusion and references.
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