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Implication Of National Broadcasting Commission Code On Broadcast Media
[A CASE STUDY OF AIT LAGOS]
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Radio
and television are essential organs for national development and should
therefore be used for the promotion of Nigerian’s cultural, economic and
political development. As the media utilizes the airwaves, which belong
to the public, the broadcasting media should be used to improve and
promote unity and security of the people of the nations. There is need
for a body that will regulate their operations. While this body is
expected to have controlling powers over the broadcasting media; it
shall at least provide operational code that will prevent the abuse of
the media.
On 24th AWugust, 1992, the then military president,
Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida, signed into law, Decree No 38 which allows
private participation in broadcasting. This was done through the
establishment of the National Broadcasting Commission. Decree No 38
authorized the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) to issue license
and regulate broadcasting in Nigeria. This is why every transmission of
sound and vision either by cable, television, radio, satellite or any
medium of broadcasting from anywhere in the country is subjected to its
authority.
However, the broadcasting media like the other media of
mass communication must be geared towards national unity. Without a
national policy that provides clear guidelines for other operations the
broadcast media may not play their proper role in the growth and
development of the nation?
This is why there is need for a
body like NBC which is the sole chartered organization with power to
regulate broadcasting in all its activities.
NBC was, among other things, empowered and designed to carry out these functions:
• Setting up standard on acceptable content and quality of broadcast content in Nigeria.
• Seizing transmission equipment or withdrawing licenses where necessary, should any broadcast media breach the NBC code.
• Upholding the principle of equity and fairness on broadcasting.
Section
3.1.1 of the Federal Commissions Act authorized the National
Broadcasting Commission to withhold the licenses of stations indicated
for violating the NBC code.
COMING OF TELEVISION BROADCASTING IN NIGERIA
Television
came to Nigeria for the first time (though experimentally) in 1956,
when Queen Elizabeth 11 came to Nigeria in that year, the BBC came with a
large contingent. The BBC placed TV screens outside the assembly hall
to enable those outside the gallery of the house to watch what was
happening.
Nigeria takes credit as the pacesetter in regard to
television broadcasting. That notwithstanding, television broadcasting
started in Nigeria as a result of intense political and ethnic rivalry.
Precisely, the first television in Nigeria was the Western Nigeria
Television (WNTV), Ibadan. It is thus readily clear that the colonial
masters did not make much use of television during the period of
colonialism in Nigeria.
Chief Obafemi Awolowo established the
WNTV. He had earlier sought permission for access to the government
owned NBS so that he would reply to the allegation of act of perfidy
levelled against him by the colonial masters.
Therefore, the actual
grievance that eventually gave rise to regional broadcasting dates back
to 1953 constitutional crisis which brought Chief Awolowo , leader of
the Action Group, into a head-on clash with the then Governor of
Nigeria, Sir John Macpherson.
Chief Awolowo was said to have made
uncomplimentary statements in the legislature during parliamentary
debate on Nigeria’s independence. As a result, the Governor made a
broadcast to the nation and made allusions to Chief Awolowo and his
party, charging them with perfidy. Awolowo’s reaction was a request for
‘’equal time’’ from the NBS to reply the Governor’s remarks. The request
was turned down. The refusal ignited desires in Awolowo to establish a
broadcast station, a move critic described as bogus and wasteful.
Awolowo then took the bold step, under the aegis of the Western Nigeria
government. In May 1959, the government in partnership with the Overseas
Rediffusion Company Limited started the Western Nigeria Broadcasting
Service.
The Western Nigeria venture sparked off a desire for radio television establishment in the regions.
Eastern
Nigeria established its own station called the Eastern Nigeria
Television (ENTV), in 1960, and so did Northern Nigeria in 1962 with the
establishment of radio and television in Kaduna.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]The aim of this study was to investigate the implication of National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) code on African Independent Television Lagos. Five research questions were formulated for the purpose of this study. Other questions 20 in number came as questionnaires to the staff of AIT Lagos to determine the implication of national broadcasting commission on their organization. The research method adopted for this work is survey because of its convenience, reliability and cheapness. Questionnai ... Continue reading---
