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The Impact Of Jet Apparatus
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1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of this project is to investigate the impact of jet apparatus. Hence, the objectives are as follows;
1.
To experiment, demonstrate and verify the integral momentum equation.
The force generated by a jet of water deflected by an impact surface is
measured.
2. To study the relation between the force produced and the
change of momentum when a jet strikes a vane and compare between force
exerted by a jet on a flat plate and hemispherical surface.
3. To
examine the momentum transfer (ergo, force transmitted) from a fluid to
object of various forms. In particular, the study looks at the momentum
transfer as a function of the angle through which the fluid stream was
deflected. By varying a fluid stream’s deflection angle, up to twice the
original momentum of the stream can be transferred to the object.
4.
To demonstrate the applicability of Newton’s law of motion to a fluid,
to investigative the effect of a jet flow on different shaped targets,
comparing the theoretical predictions with actual measurements.
1.3 IMPORTANCE OF IMPACT OF JET APPARATUS
Impact
of jet apparatus is used in the laboratory to demonstrate the way in
which fluid force is being used to generate a force that can turn a
turbine; that is converting the kinetic energy in a flowing fluid from a
nozzle to a rotary motion of the turbine with the help of vanes fitted o
shaft of the turbine.
The jet is directed to vane of turbine wheel
that is rotated by the force generates due to change of momentum of the
fluid according to Newton’s second law of motion.
The principle is
used in designing impulse turbine; part of the fluid energy is
transformed to kinetic energy in a nozzle that issues a jet of fluid at
high speed. Impulse turbine have been constructed to generate power up
to 100-mega watt or more with efficiencies greater than 85%.
In the
impact of jet apparatus, a jet of water issuing from a nozzle strikes a
target. The force generated equals the rate of change of the linear
momentum particulars from the jet.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]This project is focused on experimental analysis of impact of water jet on vanes. This work intends to predict the output of a pelton wheel, and to determine its optimum rotational speed. Hence this work explains how the deflection of the jet generates a force on the buckets, and how the force is related to the rate of momentum flow in the jet. In this experiment, we measure the force generated by a jet of water striking a flat plate or a hemispherical cup, and compare the results with the compu ... Continue reading---
