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Design And Fabrication Of Domestic Deep Freezer
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CHAPTER ONE
REFRIGERATION
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The ice cream being sold at the corner stores, the frozen vegetable for dinner, the refreshing water for drinking at the office, water cooler are all dependent on the science of refrigeration. Refrigeration in its specialized forms in a comparative modern development which has been in practice for generations, and its application in controlling environmental condition has made possible some outer space programs and many other scientific and commercial activities as it can be obtained in our houses and on the farm which is considered as an example of a natural refrigeration techniques, the porous clay jugs used in hot desert countries for cooling water, the ice box, for food preservation etc. (Raymond, C.G. (1973).
This write up presents the principle of mechanical refrigeration in vapor compression refrigeration system and it application which gives a clear understanding about the design and operation of the unit.
Refrigeration may be defined as the process of removing heat from a substance. The American society of Engineers defines refrigeration as “the science of producing and maintaining temperature below that of the surrounding atmosphereâ€. This implies the development of temperature differential rather than the establishment of a given temperature level.
Therefore refrigeration is accomplished by establishing temperatures differentials and evaporation of liquids or combination of both methods for removing heat from a substances in a refrigeration i.e. heat is put into the working substance at lower pressure and temperature and provide the latent heat to make it boil and change to vapor. The vapor is then compressed to a high pressure and temperature at which the superheated gas can be removed and the fluid is turn to liquid. The total cooling effect will be the heat transferred to the working fluid in the evaporator [Raymond, C. G. (1973)].
In any refrigeration process, three basic factors are involved which are: Heat change, pressure control and liquid gas relationship, therefore a working system will require a connection between the condenser and the inlet to the evaporator to complete the circuit.
The purpose of refrigerator deals with the use of refrigerator which is in three forms.
i. To produce the temperature of a substance (Act of cooling).
ii. To change a substance from one state to another (as water to ice)
iii. To maintain substance in a desired temperature state (food preservation or ice storage) [Raymond, C. C. 1973].
All the above purpose is personal comfort in both temperature and hot climatic regions.
1.1 AIM
This project is to educate students of engineering and refrigeration technology lovers on how to achieve maximum cooling during refrigeration by increasing the coefficient of performance (COP)
1.2 OBJECTIVE
To teach the users of refrigerator the necessity of taking good care of their refrigerator, the danger of using sharp point object which could eventually damaged the evaporator.
To designing a domestics refrigerator for food preservation.
To demonstrate practically how the various components of a refrigeration functions.
To Educates and encourages students who may like to embark on similar project in future, using the available raw materials
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTThis project is on the design and fabrication of deep freezer for the preservation of items/products and making the items to cool. The project is able to develop a simple efficient economical and environmental friendly refrigeration system (A freezer) towards better technological advancement in Nigeria. This project modifies the existing refrigeration system with the use of R-600a which is ozone friendly, and non-contaminant like previous refrigerant of the hydrofluoric-carbon, HFC and C ... Continue reading---
LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF TABLE Table 1: Hydrocarbon refrigerant Application (Jones, W.p. [(1996)] Table 2: Common Refrigerant (Jones, W.P. 1996) Table 3: Construction of the Evaporator Table 4: Trouble shooting in domestic refrigerator Table 5: Bill of engineering materials and evaluation ... Continue reading---
LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]LIST OF FIGUREFigure 1: The Vapor compression refrigeration system Figure 2: Image of refrigeration system Figure3: Pictorial View of a Compressor Figure 4: Pictorial View of a Condenser ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle page Certification Dedication Acknowledgement Abstract Table of content CHAPTER ONE: REFRIGERATION1.0 Introduction 1.1 Aim 1.2 Objectives CHAPTER TWO: 1.1 Literature Review CHAPTER THREEAnalysis of refrigeration system and choice of Project as best 3.0 The cycle operation of 3.1 Types of gas compressor 3.2 Thermodynamic Analysis of Tile System 3.3.1 The Compressor 3.3.2 Tile Condense 3.3.3 The Evaporator ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER TWO2.0 LITERATURE REVIEWRefrigeration is branch of engineering that is concerned with the science of producing and maintaining temperature below that of the surrounding atmosphere [Raymond, C.G. (1973)]. It also the process of removing heat from the substance.Before the advent of mechanical refrigeration, water was kept cool by storing in semi-porous pots, so that the water could seep through and evaporate. The evaporation carried away heat and cooled the water [Raymond, C.G. (1 97 ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]3.3.4 CAPILLARY TUBEThis device operate on the principle that a given weight of refrigerant liquid will pass through a capillary more readily than the same weight of gas will do at the same pressure. Immediately the condensed refrigerant enters the capillary tube, the mass flow of this refrigerant will be reduced them by giving more room for cooling time.ADVANTAGE OF THE TYPES OF CAPILLARY TUBE USED FOR THIS PROJECT LIES INa. Its simplicityb. Ease of being welded to the suction for heat exchangi ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 5 ]4.3.1 TYPES OF EVAPORATOREvaporators are mainly classified as:i. The dry or direct expansion typeii. The flooded type.I. THE DRY OR DIRECT EXPANSION TYPEA part of the heat transfer surface is used for superheating the vapor. Therefore refrigerant leaves the coil in a dry state that is as a dry vapor. [Althouse, A. D(1968)].II. THE FLOODED TYPEIf flooded evaporators, the liquid refrigerant covers the entire heat- surface. As the liquid refrigerant leaves the evaporator, any l ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ] ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER SIX - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER SIXCONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION6.1 CONCLUSION In the designing and fabrication of this project, titled the design and fabrication of domestic refrigerator using mild steel as water resisting cabinet, the design is economic and technological soundness when taking into consideration; the durability and the behavior of the material used under the application were also put into consideration. The principles of thermodynamic were taken into consideration which is the basic princi ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAlthouse, A.D Braciand, A.F. and Carl, H. (1968), “Refrigeration and Air Conditioningâ€, first Edition, The Good Heart-will Cox Company Inc., London. Page 17-18.Andrew, D. & Alfred, F.B. (1970), “Modern Refrigerator and Air Conditioningâ€, 3rd Edition, Sunmill Press, New York, pp 256.Croker, H.R. & A.Q. (1993), “Piping Hand Bookâ€, 7th Edition, Green Hill Book Company, New York, pp. 2 1-25.Gunther, C.R. (1973), “Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and ... Continue reading---
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTThis project is on the design and fabrication of deep freezer for the preservation of items/products and making the items to cool. The project is able to develop a simple efficient economical and environmental friendly refrigeration system (A freezer) towards better technological advancement in Nigeria. This project modifies the existing refrigeration system with the use of R-600a which is ozone friendly, and non-contaminant like previous refrigerant of the hydrofluoric-carbon, HFC and C ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 1]
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CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 1]
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