-
Evaluating The Levels Of Some Selected Trace Metals, Renal Function Parameters And Liver Function Parameters Of Heavy Cosmetics Users Among Female Undergraduates And Compare Levels With Non-cosmetic Users
QUESTIONNAIRE -- [Total Page(s) 2]
Page 1 of 2
-
-
-
APPENDIX I
KWARA STATE UNIVERSITY, ILORIN
FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE.
BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE ON TRACE METALS, RENAL AND LIVER FUNCTION PARAMETERS OF KWASU FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES USING COSMETICS
Dear Respondent,
This study was designed to evaluate the health risk associated with heavy cosmetic usage among female undergraduate in Kwara state University, Malete.
The information obtained from this research will be used only for the purpose of the research and will be kept confidentially.
Please kindly help complete the questionnaire, your name will not be required. Tick appropriate boxes and thanks for your anticipated cooperation.
A, Personal Information.
Age (Years): ............................................
State of Origin: .............................................................................
Department………………………………………………………………..
Level of Education: 100 level 200 level 300 level 400 level
Marital status………………………………………………
Religion…………………………………………………………………..
B. History of cosmetic usage
How many years have you being using cosmetics 0-2 3-5 6-8 ≥9
What are the types of cosmetic you frequently use? Nail Care Hair Stylist facial care all of the above
Others (please specify)...............................................................................................................
Are you aware of health risk(s) associated with cosmetics usage? Yes No
If yes, please specify............................................................................................................
C. Medical History
Any current medical challenge(s): Yes No
If yes, what is (are) the challenge(s)......................................................................................
Are you currently on drug(s)? Yes No
If yes, please specify............................................................................................................
How often do you eat fruits? Yes No Occasionally
Do you take multivitamins? Yes No Often
If yes, please specify............................................................................................................
Medical Examination
Blood Pressure (BP): Systolic......................... (mmHg) Diastolic............................ (mmHg).
Height ................. (Cm) Body Weight .................. (Kg)BMI ............................. (Kg/m2)
APPENDIX II
Reagents
• Alanine aminotransferase assay kit (RANDOX)
• Aspartate aminotransferase assay kit(RANDOX)
• Alkaline Phosphatase assay kit (AGAPPE)
• Total protein assay kit (AGAPPE)
• Albumin assay kit (AGAPPE)
• Urea assay kit (AGAPPE)
• Creatinine assay kit (AGAPPE)
• Copper assay kit (AAS)
• Zinc assay kit (AAS)
Laboratory Equipment
The laboratory equipment used in this study is not limited to but include the following;
• Spectrophotometer
• Centrifuge
• Freezer
• Water bath
• Test tube racks
• Automatic pipettes
QUESTIONNAIRE -- [Total Page(s) 2]
Page 1 of 2
-
-
ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Abstract is coming soon ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]ALBUMINPipette into test tubes Reagent standard sampleDistilled water 0.01ml --- ----Standard (CAL) --- 0.01ml -- ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Background of studyCosmetology which include nail and hair care has become a lucrative profession. (Halliday-Bell et al., 2009). The use and application of cosmetics have been shown to have some effects on the human system. There are about 9000 chemicals ingredients found in cosmetic products (Kersemaekers and Roelveld, 1995). Nail and hair care users have daily contact with cosmetic products and are therefore routinely exposed to a wide range of chemicals by inhalatio ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER TWO - [ Total Page(s): 15 ]Toxicity of coal tarA review of the epidemiologic literature confirmed statistically significant associations between hair dye use and development of several types of cancer although the authors concluded that the evidence was insufficient to determine that the hair dyes had caused the cancers (Rollison et al., 2006). A separate study found that women who used hair dyes especially over extended periods had an increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (cancer of the lymphatic system) (Z ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER THREE3.1 MATERIALS AND METHODS3.2.0 Study Population:3.2.1 Exposed SubjectsThe population for the study was centred on apparently healthy female undergraduate students who are cosmetic users. Subjects were also chosen considering exclusion criteria like chronic smokers as well as alcoholism.3.2.2 Non-Exposed Subjects (Control)Apparently healthy female participants that completely do not use cosmetics, recruited from the Malete Campus Community of the Kwara State ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 4 ]CHAPTER FOUR4.0 RESULTSTable 4.1: Shows the comparison of anthropometric and clinical indices between heavy cosmetic users (lipstick users) (cases) and non-heavy cosmetic users (control). Data shows a mean age of patients with cosmetic users and non-cosmetic users to be 21.38 ± 0.43 and 22.03 ± 0.59 respectively. However, data shows an insignificant difference in the mean value of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, height, weight and body mass index of cosmetic users compar ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER FIVE5.0 DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION5.1 DiscussionIn the present study, the concentrations of Copper cosmetics were observed to be slightly higher than the standard concentration, however its concentrations in the blood and muscles of the studied students were higher with heavy cosmetic users. Similar results were observed in different cosmetic products from El Max Bay Alexandria (Khaled, 2004). In the present study, the lowest concentrations of Cu were observed ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]REFERENCESAbdo, M. H. and Yacoub, A. M. (2005). Determination of some heavy metals in water and fish flesh of common species in Bardawil Lagoon, Egypt. Egypt. Journal Analytical Chemistry, 14: 65-76.Al-Dayel, O., Hefne, J. and Al-Ajyan, T. (2011). Human exposure to heavy metals from cosmetics. Oriental Journal of Chemistry. 27(1): 1–11.Ames, B.N., Kammen, H.O. and Yamasaki, E. (1975). Hair dyes are mutagenic: identification of a variety of mutagenic ingredients. Proceedings of National Ac ... Continue reading---
