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Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern Of Urinary Tract Isolates From Paraplegic And Quadriplegic Patients From National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu
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The Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated from urinary tracts of Paraplegia and Quadriplegia patients at National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu was conducted on fifteen urine samples. Urine culture was done using Cysteine Lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED), Mac-Conkey agar, and Blood agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours.The urine samples were screened for albumin presence using Combi-2 urinalysis dipsticks. Four microorganisms were isolated and identified by means of biochemical testing which included Gram stain, Oxidase test, Sugar fermentation test, IMVIC, motility test, Catalase test, Urease test and Coagulase test. Of the four (4) isolates, two were Gram-positive; one being Enterococcus Spp. with cocci shape while the other Cornyebacterium Spp. was rod shaped. The other two isolates were Gram-negative members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (Escherichia coli and Proteus Spp.).Enterococcus Spp. had the highest prevalence rate of 6 (37.5%); E. coli had the second highest frequency of occurrence at 5 (31.25%), Cornyebacterium Spp. had a lower rate occurrence at 3 (18.75%), followed by Proteus Spp. with the lowest rate of occurrence at 2 (12.25%). Antimicrobial susceptibility assay was carried out on the isolates. E. coli and Enterococcus Spp. had the highest resistance pattern; Cornyebacterium Spp. had a lower resistance pattern while Proteus Spp. had the lowest resistance pattern to the antibiotics. The Enterococci Spp. was susceptible to drugs like Amikacin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline. E. coli was susceptible to drugs like Chloramphenicol, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin. Cornyebacterium Spp. was susceptible to Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. Proteus Spp. was Ceftriaxone, Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole trimethroprim and tetracycline. All isolated microorganisms were generally sensitive to Amikacin and Chloramphenicol antibiotics showing thus to be active in-vitro.
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LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Table 1: Total viable count of bacteria in Cfu/ml of urineTable 2: Gram reaction and morphology of bacteria isolatesTable 3: Biochemical analysis of the various bacterial isolatesTable 4: Frequency of bacteria occurrenceTable 5: Zones of inhibition (mm) of antibiotic disks on the isolatesTable 6: Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (CLSI) ... Continue reading---
LIST OF FIGURES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Figure 1: Resistance pattern percentage of the isolated microorganisms to the antibiotic susceptibility ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Title pageApproval pageDedicationAcknowledgement Table of contentList of tables List of figuresAbstract Chapter One1.0 Introduction 1.1 Aim 1.2 Objective Chapter Two2.0 Literature review2.1 Antimicrobial resistance 2.2 The mechanism for Antimicrobial resistance 2.3 Urinary tract infection 2.4 Aetiology of UTI2.5 Types of UTI2.6 Pathogenesis of Urinary tract infection 2.7 Long-stay hospitalized and catheterized patients with spinal cord injury2.8 In a study byChapter Three3.1 Sample collec ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]1.0 INTRODUCTIONDrugs are substances that when inhaled, injected, consumed, absorbed, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological change in a body. In pharmacology, a pharmaceutical drug also called a medicine is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, present, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally, drugs has been produced through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. (Atanasov et al., 2015). The use of medicin ... Continue reading---
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LIST OF TABLES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Table 1: Total viable count of bacteria in Cfu/ml of urineTable 2: Gram reaction and morphology of bacteria isolatesTable 3: Biochemical analysis of the various bacterial isolatesTable 4: Frequency of bacteria occurrenceTable 5: Zones of inhibition (mm) of antibiotic disks on the isolatesTable 6: Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (CLSI) ... Continue reading---
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