-
Prevalence Of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Of Gram Negative Bacteria In The Urine Of Caritas University Students
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 2]
Page 2 of 2
-
-
-
UTI is known to be the microbial invasion of any of the tissues of the
urinary tract reaching from the renal cortex to the urethrameatus
(Nicolle, 2000). It is also known to be the presence in two consecutive
urine samples of greater than 100rods (105 ) organisms per ml of a
single bacterial strain in the urinary tract. UTI can be categorized in
ascending or descending. Infections which are confined to the urethral
or the bladder are ascending and referred to as uretitis or cystitis
respectively. On the other hand, the pathogens spread from one or other
infected body site to the kidney down along the ureter to the bladder.
Such descending UTI cause severe kidney infection, a condition called
pyelonephritis (Parsons, 1958). This is potentially more serious;
infections to the urethra are called urethritis and to the prostrate
gland are called prostitis. This classification is the presence or
absence of symptoms, reoccurrence or absence or presence of complicating
factors which are host factors facilitating establishment and
maintenance of bacteraemia or worsening the prognosis of UTI`s engaging
the kidney.
Majority of pathogens are gram negative species with
predominance of members of Enterobacteriace (Neu, 1992). Escherichia
coli accounts for majority of urinary tract infections in young women
but other gram negative rods of different genera such as proteus species
and pseudomonas aeruginosa an aerobic gram negative rod is also
troublesome. As a urinary tract pathogens because of its resistance to
antimicrobial medicine make it difficult to treat successfully (Nester
et al. 1998).
Antibiotics are used for the control of bacterial
infections in human. Generally, gram negative bacteria are sensitive to
many antimicrobial agents but strains from different patients and
carriers differ in the pattern and degrees of sensitivity to different
drugs. Increasing antimicrobials resistance in bacterial pathogen is a
worldwide concern. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among
urinary tract infectious agents is also increasing (Mathai et al. 2001 :
Karaloswsky et al. 2001) and its treatment has become more complicated
due to increasing resistance and empirical therapy leading to treatment
failures of most associated with gram negative bacteria (Blondeau et al.
1999). The present study investigated the pattern of gram negative
uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance pattern among the
clinical isolates to the commercially available antibiotics that are
often prescribed in urinary tract infectious cases
1.1 Aims and
objectives To find out the prevalence of gram negative organisms in the
urinary tract among caritas university students. To investigate their
antibiotic sensitivity pattern to enable formulation of drugs for
urinary tract infection in our community. To determine the age and sex
prevalence. To determine the prevalence of bacterial strains and their
antimicrobial susceptibility in urine. To find the pathogenic bacteria
commonly responsible with UTI and susceptibility patterns this will help
the clinicians to choose the right empirical treatment.
CHAPTER ONE -- [Total Page(s) 2]
Page 2 of 2
-
-
ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]In order to access the prevalence and sensitivity pattern of urinary pathogens, 60 midstream urine samples from students of Caritas University were investigated using cultural methods. Samples were examined microscopically and cultured in blood agar and Macckonkey agar. Disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic testing. Of the 60 urine samples 48 yielded significant growth with a prevalence rate of 80%. It was observed that females were more infected than the males with a prevalence rate of ... Continue reading---
