Antimicrobial Effects Of Three Species Of Mangifera Indica

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

4.1 DISCUSSION

Several studies has suggested that extracts of various part of plant Mangifera indica L. show a protective effect on different human pathologies. In particular, this extract acts as scavenger of free radical and consequently may exhibit beneficial pharmacological effects in several pathologies in which oxidative stress plays a major role (Guiseppe et al., 2019).

The basic parameters influencing the quality of an extract are plant parts used as a starting material, the solvent used for extraction, the extraction technology and sterilisation method. The observed differences in the extract yields of different solvents might be ascribed to the fact that the extract has different solubility or to the polarity of the solvent. Different extractable components were present in different quantities within the extract (Mushore and Matuvhunye., 2013).

In this study, aqueous extracts of the three sub-species were found to lack potency. This was in line with the results of Diso et al., 2017. The reason for this could be from the low concentration of the extracts (0.1 and 0.01 g/ml), also it could be that the species of Mangifera indica indigenous with Nsukka geographical area, contain phyto-constituents that cannot be extracted using water. The ethanolic extract exhibited antimicrobial effects, this is in line with the results of Olasehinde et al., 2018.

 The pattern was that sensitive organisms tend to move away from the region around the extract if the extract showed antimicrobial potency. The ethanolic extract was observed to possess more potency against Staphylococcus aureus on the three different sub-species, with Kerosene mango exhibiting the most potency. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more sensitive to German mango while Escherichia coli showed more potency to both Kerosene and German mango.

The control experiment which was ascertained using gentamicin gave large zones of inhibition of 32mm, 30mm and 28mm on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli respectively. The reason for these large zones could be due to the fact that the test organisms were not the pathogenic strains but were gotten from the normal flora.

4.1 CONCLUSION

Aqueous extract of the three sub-species did not show any potency for the test organisms at the different concentrations of the assay. On the other hand, ethanolic extracts showed varying degrees of potency at varying concentrations. The test organisms were all susceptible to the ethanolic extracts with Staphylococcus aureus showing the highest susceptibility, followed by Escherichia coli, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the least susceptible.

Comparatively, the ethanolic extracts of the three sub-species of Mangifera indica were potent against the test organisms. Taking an average of the inhibitions, German mango has the highest antimicrobial activity followed by Kerosene mango, while Sheri mango has the least antimicrobial activity judging from the results of this research.