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Learning Environment As A Preditor Of Pupils Academic Performance
[A CASE STUDY OF ADO-ODO-OTA, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, OGUN STATE.]
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CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents a review of relevant literature on learning Environment As a predictor of pupil’s Academic performance in private and public primary schools. The related literatures are reviewed under the following sub-headings:
2.1 CONCEPT OF LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Many scholars have argued that learning environment are variables that can affect pupils academic achievement, including performance in examination (Ajayi, 2001 and Oluchukwu, 2000) The importance of learning environment to educational development was so upheld by the authorities and regulatory institution that school inspectors were parts and parcel of the school system before the advert of military regime in the country. The neglect this aspect has received due to poor funding by the successive regime of government in the country also reflected in paucity of studies that focuses on this issue. As such learning environment remains an important area that should be studied and well managed to enhance students’ academic performance.
The recent poor academic performance of primary school pupils in Nigeria has been of much concern to the government, parents, teachers and even pupils themselves. But the quality of education not only depends on the teachers performing their duties, but also in the effective coordination of the schools learning environment (Ajao, 2001)
Learning environment which include classroom space planning administrative places planning, circulation spaces planning, spaces for conveniences planning, general infrastructure planning, the teachers as well as the pupils themselves are essential in the teaching learning process. The extent to which pupils learning could be enhanced depends on their location within the school compound, the structure of their class room, availability of instructional facilities and accessories. It is believed that a school with adequate learning environment contributes to string expected outcomes of learning that will facilitate good academic performance by encouraging effective teaching and learning.
Bullard (2010) and Brede Kamp (2011) submitted that learning environment means all the influence that affect children and adults in early childhood classroom. These include the planned arrangement of physical space, the relationship between the people, the contents, values and goals of a particular classroom (Centre for child Education in African, 2003). Smith (2005) was of the opinion that early childhood learning environment should have a safe building and play grounds, good sanitation, adequate ware and toilet facilities, a school nutrition programmes, spacious, classroom, good ventilation and illumination, a healthful school days and provision of emergency services.
Learning environment in early childhood considers its physical parts. The physical climate include such elements as the space, room management, schedule, equipment, and materials. Balogun (2000) supported this assertion that learning environment is all physical and materials resources otherwise known as infrastructure available to teachers and students.
The physical environment involves creating environment that safely supports the needs of developing children through selection of appropriate, supplies and furnishing and arrangement of those items in indoor and outdoor play and learning experiences which support all aspects of children’s learning and invite conversations between children. The learning experiences are planned so that there are multiple opportunities for children to acquire new skills, knowledge and understanding and consolation existing ones at their own rate in their own ways with support readily available from adults and other children as needed.
The concept of high quality learning environment for children is built upon several theories. Montessori educators speak of the prepared environment to signify the need for thoughtfully planning of the space and places in which young children will work and play. Montessori’s defended the idea that children should be enabled to learn on their own in a set environment where they choose their own materials from simple to complex. The educators from Raggio Emilia spoke of the environment as the third teacher to signify the importance of the environment in supporting children learning. The space must be conducive for research and autonomous discovery, both for individual children and for groups of children working together. An enormous amount of attention and effort should go into the design of furniture and organization of space and materials to maximize the ease of use by the children (Reggio Emilio, 1994). Also, High scope developed ingredients of active learning which was based on abundant age appropriate materials that appeal to children senses and can be used in a variety of ways.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]ABSTRACTThis study examined the relationship between learning environment as a predictor of pupil’s academic performance in Ado-Odo-Ota, Local Government Ogun state. The researchers used description researchers, the method was found appropriate for the study because it involve a systematic investigation in to the relationship that exist between learning environment and pupils academic performance in Ado Odo Ota Local Government Area of Ogun State.The researcher made use of simple ... Continue reading---
APPENDIX A - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]APPENDIXUNIVERSITY OF ILORIN FACULTY OF EDUCATIONDEPARTMENT OF ADULT AND PRIMARY EDUCATIONSECTION A Gender of the school head/Proprietor/ Proprietress: Male ( ) Female ( )Qualification of the school head/Proprietor/Proprietress:Years of teaching experiences: ... Continue reading---
TABLE OF CONTENTS - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]TABLE OF CONTENTTitle Page Certification Dedication AcknowledgementAbstract Table of content CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study 1.2 Statement of the problem 1.3 Research Questions 1.4 Research Hypotheses 1.5 Purpose of the Study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Scope and Limitations of the study 1.8 Definition of terms CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE2.1 Concept ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER ONE - [ Total Page(s): 3 ]CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the StudyLearning environment as a predictor of pupils’ academic performance has been affirmed to influence academic performance among the pupils (Lawani 2004). In view of this, pupils based factors are very important in academic ‘performance and achievement. Pupil’s academic achievement and educational attainment have been studied within different framework. Many of them have focus on parents’ education, occupatio ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER THREE - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]CHAPTER THREERESEARCH METHODOLOGY3.1 IntroductionThis chapter deals with the method and procedure employed to carry out this study specifically, it focuses on the following:3.2 Research design:The researchers used descriptive researcher design. The method was found appropriate for the study because it involves a systematic investigation into the relationship that exist between learning environment and pupil’s Academic Performance in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area of Ogun St ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FOUR - [ Total Page(s): 9 ]Table 4.6 shows that the four indices of physical learning environment (physical space, equipment, health, safety and beauty) jointly have positive relationship with the pupils’ performance (R = .902). The coefficient of determinant indicates that the four indices of physical learning environment jointly contributed 81.3% of the total variance in the dependent variable, that is, pupils’ performance (Adjusted R2 x 100 = 81.3). This joint contribution of the indices of physical learn ... Continue reading---
CHAPTER FIVE - [ Total Page(s): 2 ]CHAPTER FIVE 5.1 Summary, Conclusion and RecommendationThis chapter presents the summary, conclusion and recommendations on the study.These are presented below: 5.2 Summary of finding The study investigated learning environment as a predictor of pupil’s academic performance in Ado-Ota Local government area of Ogun state related literature to the study was reviewed and the major variables and concepts related to the study were equally discussed the study ... Continue reading---
REFRENCES - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]REFERENCESAdaralagbe (2008) stressed the point when he advocate that building should be large, spacious and tare, clean and safeAlimi in (2004) also agreed that learning facilities are the space interpretation and physical expression of the school curriculumAjani (2008) Hence, the learning environment remains an important area that should be studies and well managed to enhance pupil’s academic performance.Ajayi (2001) and Oluchukwu 2001 reported that learning environment that remain and ... Continue reading---
