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Impact Of School Environment On Students’ Pyschosocial Development And Academic Performance
[A CASE STUDY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN IKEJA LOCAL GOVERNMENT]
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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Education
is highly imperative to all countries of the world regardless of their
level of development. Education is the process of transmitting
knowledge, skills, facts, judgment etc. either formally or informally.
It is the channel through which human, physical, social, emotional and
intellectual abilities are harnessed. Education to Kneller (2000) is the
process by which individuals go through schools, colleges, universities
and other institutions of learning for transmission of values and
knowledge.
Education in the submission of the 1st black president of
South Africa, Nelson Mandela, is the most potent weapon to fight
poverty, ignorance and provoke positive reforms in the world. Quality
education allows for acquisition of skills, technological advancement
and creates an avenue for the exploration of human resources towards the
attainment of economic development.
School environment is a concept
that goes beyond the physical location of a school; it covers the
teacher-student relationship, aesthetic structure of classrooms,
libraries, laboratories, quality of teachers, teaching methods, etc,
which are crucial in the process of teaching and learning. These
elements of school environment affect the academic performance of
students (Ajao, 2001). The extent to which student learning is propelled
is at the mercy of the location of the school compound, availability of
instructional materials and classroom structure. It has been
universally agreed among scholars that schools with conducive
environment for the activities of teaching and learning will produce
positive results of education that will speed up effective
teaching-learning synergy, education emancipation and the academic
performance of the students.
The physical features of a school have
strong influence on students’ performance and the attitude of their
teachers in assiduously discharging their duties. In a situation where a
school environment is faced with menace such as poor lighting, poor
ventilation system, dilapidated facilities, high noise level, high
discharge of toxic substances, high student-teacher ratio etc, the
process of teaching and learning will be difficult, which will
eventually produce poor academic performance of the students. (Ajayi,
2004). The combination of uncomfortable work place for teachers and poor
state of school facilities generates stress and job dissatisfaction
among teachers. In furtherance, it will also results in indolence and
demotivation among the students.
In addition to these, the structure
of a school environment influences the level of psychosocial development
of the students. The definition of “psychosocial†according to the
American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the combination of
psychological and social factors that determines the mental stability of
an individual. Social influence like peer pressure, religious belief,
self-esteem, family background, stress, hospitality, depression,
hopelessness, socialization, style of parental upbringing, family-child
relationship and interpersonal relationship helps to shape the
personality and psychological makeup of individuals. Students with
psychosocial deficiency will surely have difficulty to function in
social events and may have challenges in communicating effectively to
others (Asoquo & Kalu, 2015).
The alarming rate of woeful
academic performance among students in Nigeria has been of much concern
to teachers, parents, government and the students themselves. The
quality of education is not only dependent on the number and
qualifications of teachers, but on the location and coordination of
school environment, because the school environment is an essential area
that should be well-managed to attain higher student academic
performance.
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ABSRACT - [ Total Page(s): 1 ]Among the predictors of students’ academic performance and psychosocial development is the degree of comfortability and conduciveness of school environment. The study examined the impact of school environment on students’ academic performance and psychosocial development in Nigeria using a case study of secondary students in Ikeja Local Government. The survey design in collaboration with the purposive sampling technique was used to select 120 secondary school students from 10 selec ... Continue reading---
